diff --git a/package-debian-riscv.sh b/package-debian-riscv.sh
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..81cda607
--- /dev/null
+++ b/package-debian-riscv.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,801 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+set -euo pipefail
+
+VERSION_ARG=""
+WITH_CORE="both"
+FORCE_NETCORE=0
+BUILD_FROM=""
+XRAY_VER="${XRAY_VER:-}"
+SING_VER="${SING_VER:-}"
+
+MIN_KERNEL="5.10"
+PKGROOT="v2rayN-publish"
+PROJECT_HINT="v2rayN.Desktop/v2rayN.Desktop.csproj"
+OUTPUT_DIR="${HOME}/debbuild"
+DOTNET_TFM="net10.0"
+DOTNET_RISCV_VERSION="10.0.107"
+DOTNET_RISCV_BASE="https://github.com/xujiegb/dotnet-riscv/releases/download"
+DOTNET_RISCV_FILE="dotnet-sdk-${DOTNET_RISCV_VERSION}-linux-riscv64.tar.gz"
+DOTNET_SDK_URL="${DOTNET_RISCV_BASE}/${DOTNET_RISCV_VERSION}/${DOTNET_RISCV_FILE}"
+SKIA_VER="${SKIA_VER:-3.119.2}"
+HARFBUZZ_VER="${HARFBUZZ_VER:-8.3.1.3}"
+
+OS_ID=""
+OS_NAME=""
+OS_VERSION_ID=""
+HOST_ARCH=""
+SCRIPT_DIR=""
+PROJECT=""
+VERSION=""
+BUILT_ALL=0
+
+declare -a BUILT_DEBS=()
+
+die() {
+  echo "$*" >&2
+  exit 1
+}
+
+parse_args() {
+  local first_arg="${1:-}"
+
+  if [[ -n "$first_arg" && "$first_arg" != --* ]]; then
+    VERSION_ARG="$first_arg"
+    shift || true
+  fi
+
+  while [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; do
+    case "$1" in
+      --with-core)   WITH_CORE="${2:-both}"; shift 2 ;;
+      --xray-ver)    XRAY_VER="${2:-}"; shift 2 ;;
+      --singbox-ver) SING_VER="${2:-}"; shift 2 ;;
+      --netcore)     FORCE_NETCORE=1; shift ;;
+      --buildfrom)   BUILD_FROM="${2:-}"; shift 2 ;;
+      *)
+        [[ -n "${VERSION_ARG:-}" ]] || VERSION_ARG="$1"
+        shift
+        ;;
+    esac
+  done
+
+  if [[ -n "${VERSION_ARG:-}" && -n "${BUILD_FROM:-}" ]]; then
+    die "You cannot specify both an explicit version and --buildfrom at the same time.
+        Provide either a version (e.g. 7.14.0) OR --buildfrom 1|2|3."
+  fi
+}
+
+detect_environment() {
+  local current_kernel=""
+  local lowest=""
+
+  . /etc/os-release
+
+  OS_ID="${ID:-}"
+  OS_NAME="${NAME:-$OS_ID}"
+  OS_VERSION_ID="${VERSION_ID:-}"
+  HOST_ARCH="$(uname -m)"
+
+  case "$OS_ID" in
+    debian)
+      echo "Detected supported system: ${OS_NAME:-$OS_ID} ${OS_VERSION_ID:-}"
+      ;;
+    *)
+      die "Unsupported system: ${OS_NAME:-unknown} (${OS_ID:-unknown}).
+This script only supports: Debian."
+      ;;
+  esac
+
+  case "$HOST_ARCH" in
+    riscv64) ;;
+    *) die "Only supports riscv64" ;;
+  esac
+
+  current_kernel="$(uname -r)"
+  lowest="$(printf '%s\n%s\n' "$MIN_KERNEL" "$current_kernel" | sort -V | head -n1)"
+
+  [[ "$lowest" == "$MIN_KERNEL" ]] || die "Kernel $current_kernel is below $MIN_KERNEL"
+  echo "[OK] Kernel $current_kernel verified."
+}
+
+install_dependencies() {
+  local install_ok=0
+  local tmp_dotnet=""
+
+  mkdir -p "$OUTPUT_DIR"
+
+  if command -v apt-get >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+    sudo apt-get update
+    sudo apt-get -y install \
+      curl unzip tar jq rsync ca-certificates git dpkg-dev fakeroot file \
+      desktop-file-utils xdg-utils wget gcc make pkg-config \
+      libicu-dev libssl-dev libfontconfig1 libfreetype6 zlib1g
+
+    mkdir -p "$HOME/.dotnet"
+    tmp_dotnet="$(mktemp -d)"
+    curl -fL "$DOTNET_SDK_URL" -o "$tmp_dotnet/$DOTNET_RISCV_FILE"
+    tar -C "$HOME/.dotnet" -xzf "$tmp_dotnet/$DOTNET_RISCV_FILE"
+    rm -rf "$tmp_dotnet"
+
+    export PATH="$HOME/.dotnet:$PATH"
+    export DOTNET_ROOT="$HOME/.dotnet"
+
+    dotnet --info >/dev/null 2>&1 && install_ok=1
+  fi
+
+  if [[ "$install_ok" -ne 1 ]]; then
+    echo "Could not auto-install dependencies for '$OS_ID'. Make sure these are available:"
+    echo "dotnet-riscv SDK, curl, unzip, tar, rsync, git, gcc, make, dpkg-deb, fakeroot, libicu-dev, libssl-dev"
+    exit 1
+  fi
+}
+
+prepare_workspace() {
+  SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd -- "$(dirname -- "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" && pwd)"
+  cd "$SCRIPT_DIR"
+
+  if [[ -f .gitmodules ]]; then
+    git submodule sync --recursive || true
+    git submodule update --init --recursive || true
+  fi
+
+  PROJECT="$PROJECT_HINT"
+  [[ -f "$PROJECT" ]] || PROJECT="$(find . -maxdepth 3 -name 'v2rayN.Desktop.csproj' | head -n1 || true)"
+  [[ -f "$PROJECT" ]] || die "v2rayN.Desktop.csproj not found"
+}
+
+choose_channel() {
+  local ch="latest"
+  local sel=""
+
+  if [[ -n "${BUILD_FROM:-}" ]]; then
+    case "$BUILD_FROM" in
+      1) echo "latest"; return 0 ;;
+      2) echo "prerelease"; return 0 ;;
+      3) echo "keep"; return 0 ;;
+      *) die "[ERROR] Invalid --buildfrom value: ${BUILD_FROM}. Use 1|2|3." ;;
+    esac
+  fi
+
+  if [[ -t 0 ]]; then
+    echo "[?] Choose v2rayN release channel:" >&2
+    echo "    1) Latest (stable)  [default]" >&2
+    echo "    2) Pre-release (preview)" >&2
+    echo "    3) Keep current (do nothing)" >&2
+    printf "Enter 1, 2 or 3 [default 1]: " >&2
+
+    if read -r sel </dev/tty; then
+      case "${sel:-}" in
+        2) ch="prerelease" ;;
+        3) ch="keep" ;;
+      esac
+    fi
+  fi
+
+  echo "$ch"
+}
+
+get_latest_tag_latest() {
+  curl -fsSL "https://api.github.com/repos/2dust/v2rayN/releases/latest" \
+    | jq -re '.tag_name' \
+    | sed 's/^v//'
+}
+
+get_latest_tag_prerelease() {
+  curl -fsSL "https://api.github.com/repos/2dust/v2rayN/releases?per_page=20" \
+    | jq -re 'first(.[] | select(.prerelease == true) | .tag_name)' \
+    | sed 's/^v//'
+}
+
+sync_submodules() {
+  if [[ -f .gitmodules ]]; then
+    git submodule sync --recursive || true
+    git submodule update --init --recursive || true
+  fi
+}
+
+git_try_checkout() {
+  local want="$1"
+  local ref=""
+
+  if git rev-parse --git-dir >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+    git fetch --tags --force --prune --depth=1 || true
+    git rev-parse "refs/tags/${want}" >/dev/null 2>&1 && ref="$want"
+
+    if [[ -n "$ref" ]]; then
+      echo "[OK] Found ref '${ref}', checking out..."
+      git checkout -f "$ref"
+      sync_submodules
+      return 0
+    fi
+  fi
+
+  return 1
+}
+
+apply_channel_or_keep() {
+  local ch="$1"
+  local tag=""
+
+  if [[ "$ch" == "keep" ]]; then
+    echo "[*] Keep current repository state (no checkout)."
+    VERSION="$(git describe --tags --abbrev=0 2>/dev/null || echo '0.0.0+git')"
+    VERSION="${VERSION#v}"
+    return 0
+  fi
+
+  echo "[*] Resolving ${ch} tag from GitHub releases..."
+
+  case "$ch" in
+    latest)     tag="$(get_latest_tag_latest || true)" ;;
+    prerelease) tag="$(get_latest_tag_prerelease || true)" ;;
+    *)          die "Failed to resolve latest tag for channel '${ch}'." ;;
+  esac
+
+  [[ -n "$tag" ]] || die "Failed to resolve latest tag for channel '${ch}'."
+
+  echo "[*] Latest tag for '${ch}': ${tag}"
+  git_try_checkout "$tag" || die "Failed to checkout '${tag}'."
+  VERSION="${tag#v}"
+}
+
+resolve_version() {
+  if git rev-parse --git-dir >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+    if [[ -n "${VERSION_ARG:-}" ]]; then
+      local clean_ver="${VERSION_ARG#v}"
+
+      if git_try_checkout "$clean_ver"; then
+        VERSION="$clean_ver"
+      else
+        echo "[WARN] Tag '${VERSION_ARG}' not found."
+        apply_channel_or_keep "$(choose_channel)"
+      fi
+    else
+      apply_channel_or_keep "$(choose_channel)"
+    fi
+  else
+    echo "Current directory is not a git repo; proceeding on current tree."
+    VERSION="${VERSION_ARG:-0.0.0}"
+  fi
+
+  VERSION="${VERSION#v}"
+  echo "[*] GUI version resolved as: ${VERSION}"
+}
+
+apply_riscv_patch() {
+  local f=""
+
+  find . -type f \( -name "*.csproj" -o -name "*.props" -o -name "*.targets" \) \
+    -exec sed -Ei 's#<TargetFramework>[^<]+</TargetFramework>#<TargetFramework>'"$DOTNET_TFM"'</TargetFramework>#g' {} +
+
+  while IFS= read -r -d '' f; do
+    sed -i \
+      -e "s#<PackageVersion Include=\"SkiaSharp\" Version=\"[^\"]*\" */>#<PackageVersion Include=\"SkiaSharp\" Version=\"$SKIA_VER\" />#g" \
+      -e "s#<PackageVersion Include=\"SkiaSharp.NativeAssets.Linux\" Version=\"[^\"]*\" */>#<PackageVersion Include=\"SkiaSharp.NativeAssets.Linux\" Version=\"$SKIA_VER\" />#g" \
+      -e "s#<PackageVersion Include=\"HarfBuzzSharp\" Version=\"[^\"]*\" */>#<PackageVersion Include=\"HarfBuzzSharp\" Version=\"$HARFBUZZ_VER\" />#g" \
+      -e "s#<PackageVersion Include=\"HarfBuzzSharp.NativeAssets.Linux\" Version=\"[^\"]*\" */>#<PackageVersion Include=\"HarfBuzzSharp.NativeAssets.Linux\" Version=\"$HARFBUZZ_VER\" />#g" \
+      "$f"
+
+    grep -q 'PackageVersion Include="SkiaSharp"' "$f" || \
+      sed -i "/<\/ItemGroup>/i\    <PackageVersion Include=\"SkiaSharp\" Version=\"$SKIA_VER\" />" "$f"
+
+    grep -q 'PackageVersion Include="SkiaSharp.NativeAssets.Linux"' "$f" || \
+      sed -i "/<\/ItemGroup>/i\    <PackageVersion Include=\"SkiaSharp.NativeAssets.Linux\" Version=\"$SKIA_VER\" />" "$f"
+
+    grep -q 'PackageVersion Include="HarfBuzzSharp"' "$f" || \
+      sed -i "/<\/ItemGroup>/i\    <PackageVersion Include=\"HarfBuzzSharp\" Version=\"$HARFBUZZ_VER\" />" "$f"
+
+    grep -q 'PackageVersion Include="HarfBuzzSharp.NativeAssets.Linux"' "$f" || \
+      sed -i "/<\/ItemGroup>/i\    <PackageVersion Include=\"HarfBuzzSharp.NativeAssets.Linux\" Version=\"$HARFBUZZ_VER\" />" "$f"
+  done < <(find . -type f -name 'Directory.Packages.props' -print0)
+
+  f="$(find "$DOTNET_ROOT/sdk/$(dotnet --version)" -type f -name 'Microsoft.NETCoreSdk.BundledVersions.props' | head -n1 || true)"
+  if [[ -f "$f" ]] && ! grep -q 'linux-riscv64' "$f"; then
+    sed -i \
+      -e 's/linux-arm64/&;linux-riscv64/g' \
+      -e 's/linux-musl-arm64/&;linux-musl-riscv64/g' \
+      "$f"
+  fi
+}
+
+copy_skiasharp_native_riscv64() {
+  local outdir="$1"
+  local skia_so=""
+  local harfbuzz_so=""
+
+  mkdir -p "$outdir"
+
+  skia_so="$(find "$HOME/.nuget/packages" -path "*/skiasharp.nativeassets.linux/${SKIA_VER}/runtimes/linux-riscv64/native/libSkiaSharp.so" | head -n1 || true)"
+  [[ -n "$skia_so" ]] || skia_so="$(find "$HOME/.nuget/packages" -path "*/runtimes/linux-riscv64/native/libSkiaSharp.so" | head -n1 || true)"
+
+  harfbuzz_so="$(find "$HOME/.nuget/packages" -path "*/harfbuzzsharp.nativeassets.linux/${HARFBUZZ_VER}/runtimes/linux-riscv64/native/libHarfBuzzSharp.so" | head -n1 || true)"
+  [[ -n "$harfbuzz_so" ]] || harfbuzz_so="$(find "$HOME/.nuget/packages" -path "*/runtimes/linux-riscv64/native/libHarfBuzzSharp.so" | head -n1 || true)"
+
+  if [[ -n "$skia_so" && -f "$skia_so" ]]; then
+    echo "[+] Copy libSkiaSharp.so from NuGet cache"
+    install -m 755 "$skia_so" "$outdir/libSkiaSharp.so"
+  else
+    echo "[WARN] libSkiaSharp.so for linux-riscv64 not found in NuGet cache"
+  fi
+
+  if [[ -n "$harfbuzz_so" && -f "$harfbuzz_so" ]]; then
+    echo "[+] Copy libHarfBuzzSharp.so from NuGet cache"
+    install -m 755 "$harfbuzz_so" "$outdir/libHarfBuzzSharp.so"
+  else
+    echo "[WARN] libHarfBuzzSharp.so for linux-riscv64 not found in NuGet cache"
+  fi
+}
+
+xray_url_for_rid() {
+  local rid="$1"
+  local ver="$2"
+
+  case "$rid" in
+    linux-riscv64) echo "https://github.com/XTLS/Xray-core/releases/download/v${ver}/Xray-linux-riscv64.zip" ;;
+    *)             return 1 ;;
+  esac
+}
+
+singbox_url_for_rid() {
+  local rid="$1"
+  local ver="$2"
+
+  case "$rid" in
+    linux-riscv64) echo "https://github.com/SagerNet/sing-box/releases/download/v${ver}/sing-box-${ver}-linux-riscv64.tar.gz" ;;
+    *)             return 1 ;;
+  esac
+}
+
+bundle_url_for_rid() {
+  local rid="$1"
+
+  case "$rid" in
+    linux-riscv64) echo "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/2dust/v2rayN-core-bin/refs/heads/master/v2rayN-linux-riscv64.zip" ;;
+    *)             return 1 ;;
+  esac
+}
+
+download_xray() {
+  local outdir="$1"
+  local rid="$2"
+  local ver="${XRAY_VER:-}"
+  local url=""
+  local tmp=""
+
+  mkdir -p "$outdir"
+
+  if [[ -z "$ver" ]]; then
+    ver="$(curl -fsSL https://api.github.com/repos/XTLS/Xray-core/releases/latest \
+      | grep -Eo '"tag_name":\s*"v[^"]+"' \
+      | sed -E 's/.*"v([^"]+)".*/\1/' \
+      | head -n1)" || true
+  fi
+
+  [[ -n "$ver" ]] || { echo "[xray] Failed to get version"; return 1; }
+  url="$(xray_url_for_rid "$rid" "$ver")" || { echo "[xray] Unsupported RID: $rid"; return 1; }
+
+  echo "[+] Download xray: $url"
+
+  tmp="$(mktemp -d)"
+  curl -fL "$url" -o "$tmp/xray.zip" || { rm -rf "$tmp"; return 1; }
+  unzip -q "$tmp/xray.zip" -d "$tmp" || { rm -rf "$tmp"; return 1; }
+  install -m 755 "$tmp/xray" "$outdir/xray" || { rm -rf "$tmp"; return 1; }
+  rm -rf "$tmp"
+}
+
+download_singbox() {
+  local outdir="$1"
+  local rid="$2"
+  local ver="${SING_VER:-}"
+  local url=""
+  local tmp=""
+  local bin=""
+  local cronet=""
+
+  mkdir -p "$outdir"
+
+  if [[ -z "$ver" ]]; then
+    ver="$(curl -fsSL https://api.github.com/repos/SagerNet/sing-box/releases/latest \
+      | grep -Eo '"tag_name":\s*"v[^"]+"' \
+      | sed -E 's/.*"v([^"]+)".*/\1/' \
+      | head -n1)" || true
+  fi
+
+  [[ -n "$ver" ]] || { echo "[sing-box] Failed to get version"; return 1; }
+  url="$(singbox_url_for_rid "$rid" "$ver")" || { echo "[sing-box] Unsupported RID: $rid"; return 1; }
+
+  echo "[+] Download sing-box: $url"
+
+  tmp="$(mktemp -d)"
+  curl -fL "$url" -o "$tmp/singbox.tar.gz" || { rm -rf "$tmp"; return 1; }
+  tar -C "$tmp" -xzf "$tmp/singbox.tar.gz" || { rm -rf "$tmp"; return 1; }
+
+  bin="$(find "$tmp" -type f -name 'sing-box' | head -n1 || true)"
+  [[ -n "$bin" ]] || { echo "[!] sing-box unpack failed"; rm -rf "$tmp"; return 1; }
+
+  install -m 755 "$bin" "$outdir/sing-box" || { rm -rf "$tmp"; return 1; }
+
+  cronet="$(find "$tmp" -type f -name 'libcronet*.so*' | head -n1 || true)"
+  [[ -n "$cronet" ]] && install -m 644 "$cronet" "$outdir/libcronet.so" || true
+
+  rm -rf "$tmp"
+}
+
+unify_geo_layout() {
+  local outroot="$1"
+  local n
+  local names=(
+    geosite.dat
+    geoip.dat
+    geoip-only-cn-private.dat
+    Country.mmdb
+    geoip.metadb
+  )
+
+  mkdir -p "$outroot/bin"
+
+  for n in "${names[@]}"; do
+    if [[ -f "$outroot/bin/xray/$n" ]]; then
+      mv -f "$outroot/bin/xray/$n" "$outroot/bin/$n"
+    fi
+  done
+}
+
+download_geo_assets() {
+  local outroot="$1"
+  local bin_dir="$outroot/bin"
+  local srss_dir="$bin_dir/srss"
+  local f=""
+
+  mkdir -p "$bin_dir" "$srss_dir"
+
+  echo "[+] Download Xray Geo to ${bin_dir}"
+  curl -fsSL -o "$bin_dir/geosite.dat" "https://github.com/Loyalsoldier/V2ray-rules-dat/releases/latest/download/geosite.dat"
+  curl -fsSL -o "$bin_dir/geoip.dat" "https://github.com/Loyalsoldier/V2ray-rules-dat/releases/latest/download/geoip.dat"
+  curl -fsSL -o "$bin_dir/geoip-only-cn-private.dat" "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Loyalsoldier/geoip/release/geoip-only-cn-private.dat"
+  curl -fsSL -o "$bin_dir/Country.mmdb" "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Loyalsoldier/geoip/release/Country.mmdb"
+
+  echo "[+] Download sing-box rule DB & rule-sets"
+  curl -fsSL -o "$bin_dir/geoip.metadb" "https://github.com/MetaCubeX/meta-rules-dat/releases/latest/download/geoip.metadb"
+
+  for f in geoip-private.srs geoip-cn.srs geoip-facebook.srs geoip-fastly.srs geoip-google.srs geoip-netflix.srs geoip-telegram.srs geoip-twitter.srs; do
+    curl -fsSL -o "$srss_dir/$f" "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/2dust/sing-box-rules/refs/heads/rule-set-geoip/$f"
+  done
+
+  for f in geosite-cn.srs geosite-gfw.srs geosite-google.srs geosite-greatfire.srs geosite-geolocation-cn.srs geosite-category-ads-all.srs geosite-private.srs; do
+    curl -fsSL -o "$srss_dir/$f" "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/2dust/sing-box-rules/refs/heads/rule-set-geosite/$f"
+  done
+
+  unify_geo_layout "$outroot"
+}
+
+populate_assets_zip_mode() {
+  local outroot="$1"
+  local rid="$2"
+  local url=""
+  local tmp=""
+  local nested_dir=""
+
+  url="$(bundle_url_for_rid "$rid")" || { echo "[!] Bundle unsupported RID: $rid"; return 1; }
+
+  echo "[+] Try v2rayN bundle archive: $url"
+
+  tmp="$(mktemp -d)"
+  curl -fL "$url" -o "$tmp/v2rayn.zip" || { echo "[!] Bundle download failed"; rm -rf "$tmp"; return 1; }
+  unzip -q "$tmp/v2rayn.zip" -d "$tmp" || { echo "[!] Bundle unzip failed"; rm -rf "$tmp"; return 1; }
+
+  if [[ -d "$tmp/bin" ]]; then
+    mkdir -p "$outroot/bin"
+    rsync -a "$tmp/bin/" "$outroot/bin/"
+  else
+    rsync -a "$tmp/" "$outroot/"
+  fi
+
+  rm -f "$outroot/v2rayn.zip" 2>/dev/null || true
+  find "$outroot" -type d -name "mihomo" -prune -exec rm -rf {} + 2>/dev/null || true
+
+  nested_dir="$(find "$outroot" -maxdepth 1 -type d -name 'v2rayN-linux-*' | head -n1 || true)"
+  if [[ -n "$nested_dir" && -d "$nested_dir/bin" ]]; then
+    mkdir -p "$outroot/bin"
+    rsync -a "$nested_dir/bin/" "$outroot/bin/"
+    rm -rf "$nested_dir"
+  fi
+
+  unify_geo_layout "$outroot"
+  rm -rf "$tmp"
+
+  echo "[+] Bundle extracted to $outroot"
+}
+
+populate_assets_netcore_mode() {
+  local outroot="$1"
+  local rid="$2"
+
+  mkdir -p "$outroot/bin/xray" "$outroot/bin/sing_box"
+
+  if [[ "$WITH_CORE" == "xray" || "$WITH_CORE" == "both" ]]; then
+    download_xray "$outroot/bin/xray" "$rid" || echo "[!] xray download failed (skipped)"
+  fi
+
+  if [[ "$WITH_CORE" == "sing-box" || "$WITH_CORE" == "both" ]]; then
+    download_singbox "$outroot/bin/sing_box" "$rid" || echo "[!] sing-box download failed (skipped)"
+  fi
+
+  download_geo_assets "$outroot" || echo "[!] Geo rules download failed (skipped)"
+}
+
+stage_runtime_assets() {
+  local outroot="$1"
+  local rid="$2"
+
+  mkdir -p "$outroot/bin/xray" "$outroot/bin/sing_box"
+
+  if [[ "$FORCE_NETCORE" -eq 0 ]]; then
+    if populate_assets_zip_mode "$outroot" "$rid"; then
+      echo "[*] Using v2rayN bundle archive."
+    else
+      echo "[*] Bundle failed, fallback to separate core + rules."
+      populate_assets_netcore_mode "$outroot" "$rid"
+    fi
+  else
+    echo "[*] --netcore specified: use separate core + rules."
+    populate_assets_netcore_mode "$outroot" "$rid"
+  fi
+}
+
+describe_target() {
+  local short="$1"
+
+  case "$short" in
+    riscv64) printf '%s\n%s\n' "linux-riscv64" "riscv64" ;;
+    *)       echo "Unknown arch '$short' (use riscv64)" >&2; return 1 ;;
+  esac
+}
+
+publish_binary() {
+  local rid="$1"
+
+  dotnet clean "$PROJECT" -c Release -p:TargetFramework="$DOTNET_TFM"
+  rm -rf "$(dirname "$PROJECT")/bin/Release/${DOTNET_TFM}" || true
+  dotnet restore "$PROJECT" -r "$rid" -p:TargetFramework="$DOTNET_TFM"
+  dotnet publish "$PROJECT" -c Release -r "$rid" -p:TargetFramework="$DOTNET_TFM" -p:PublishSingleFile=false -p:SelfContained=true
+}
+
+write_launcher_file() {
+  local stage="$1"
+
+  install -m 755 /dev/stdin "$stage/usr/bin/v2rayn" <<'EOF'
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+set -euo pipefail
+DIR="/opt/v2rayN"
+export LD_LIBRARY_PATH="$DIR:${LD_LIBRARY_PATH:-}"
+cd "$DIR"
+
+if [[ -x "$DIR/v2rayN" ]]; then
+  exec "$DIR/v2rayN" "$@"
+fi
+
+for dll in v2rayN.Desktop.dll v2rayN.dll; do
+  if [[ -f "$DIR/$dll" ]]; then
+    exec /usr/bin/dotnet "$DIR/$dll" "$@"
+  fi
+done
+
+echo "v2rayN launcher: no executable found in $DIR" >&2
+ls -l "$DIR" >&2 || true
+exit 1
+EOF
+}
+
+write_desktop_file() {
+  local stage="$1"
+
+  install -m 644 /dev/stdin "$stage/usr/share/applications/v2rayn.desktop" <<'EOF'
+[Desktop Entry]
+Type=Application
+Name=v2rayN
+Comment=v2rayN for Debian GNU Linux
+Exec=v2rayn
+Icon=v2rayn
+Terminal=false
+Categories=Network;
+EOF
+}
+
+write_maintainer_scripts() {
+  local debian_dir="$1"
+
+  install -m 755 /dev/stdin "$debian_dir/postinst" <<'EOF'
+#!/bin/sh
+set -e
+update-desktop-database /usr/share/applications >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
+if command -v gtk-update-icon-cache >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+  gtk-update-icon-cache -f /usr/share/icons/hicolor >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
+fi
+exit 0
+EOF
+
+  install -m 755 /dev/stdin "$debian_dir/postrm" <<'EOF'
+#!/bin/sh
+set -e
+update-desktop-database /usr/share/applications >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
+if command -v gtk-update-icon-cache >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+  gtk-update-icon-cache -f /usr/share/icons/hicolor >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
+fi
+exit 0
+EOF
+}
+
+package_binary() {
+  local short="$1"
+  local rid="$2"
+  local deb_arch="$3"
+  local pubdir=""
+  local workdir=""
+  local stage=""
+  local debian_dir=""
+  local project_dir=""
+  local icon_candidate=""
+  local shlibs_depends=""
+  local extra_depends=""
+  local final_depends=""
+  local multiarch=""
+  local sys_libdir=""
+  local sys_usrlibdir=""
+  local deb_out=""
+
+  pubdir="$(dirname "$PROJECT")/bin/Release/${DOTNET_TFM}/${rid}/publish"
+  [[ -d "$pubdir" ]] || { echo "Publish directory not found: $pubdir"; return 1; }
+
+  workdir="$(mktemp -d)"
+  trap '[[ -n "${workdir:-}" ]] && rm -rf "$workdir"' RETURN
+
+  stage="$workdir/${PKGROOT}_${VERSION}_${deb_arch}"
+  debian_dir="$stage/DEBIAN"
+
+  mkdir -p "$stage/opt/v2rayN" "$stage/usr/bin" "$stage/usr/share/applications" "$stage/usr/share/icons/hicolor/256x256/apps" "$debian_dir"
+  cp -a "$pubdir/." "$stage/opt/v2rayN/"
+
+  copy_skiasharp_native_riscv64 "$stage/opt/v2rayN" || echo "[!] SkiaSharp native copy failed (skipped)"
+
+  project_dir="$(cd "$(dirname "$PROJECT")" && pwd)"
+  icon_candidate="$project_dir/v2rayN.png"
+  [[ -f "$icon_candidate" ]] && cp "$icon_candidate" "$stage/usr/share/icons/hicolor/256x256/apps/v2rayn.png" || true
+
+  stage_runtime_assets "$stage/opt/v2rayN" "$rid"
+  write_launcher_file "$stage"
+  write_desktop_file "$stage"
+  write_maintainer_scripts "$debian_dir"
+
+  extra_depends="libc6 (>= 2.34), fontconfig (>= 2.13.1), desktop-file-utils (>= 0.26), xdg-utils (>= 1.1.3), coreutils (>= 8.32), bash (>= 5.1), libfreetype6 (>= 2.11)"
+
+  mkdir -p "$workdir/debian"
+  cat > "$workdir/debian/control" <<EOF
+Source: v2rayn
+Section: net
+Priority: optional
+Maintainer: 2dust <noreply@github.com>
+Standards-Version: 4.7.0
+
+Package: v2rayn
+Architecture: ${deb_arch}
+Description: v2rayN
+EOF
+
+  multiarch="$(dpkg-architecture -a"$deb_arch" -qDEB_HOST_MULTIARCH)"
+  sys_libdir="/lib/$multiarch"
+  sys_usrlibdir="/usr/lib/$multiarch"
+
+  : > "$debian_dir/substvars"
+
+  mapfile -t ELF_FILES < <(
+    find "$stage/opt/v2rayN" -type f \( -name "*.so*" -o -perm -111 \) ! -name 'libcoreclrtraceptprovider.so'
+  )
+
+  if [[ "${#ELF_FILES[@]}" -gt 0 ]]; then
+    (
+      cd "$workdir"
+      dpkg-shlibdeps \
+        -l"$stage/opt/v2rayN" \
+        -l"$sys_libdir" \
+        -l"$sys_usrlibdir" \
+        -T"$debian_dir/substvars" \
+        "${ELF_FILES[@]}"
+    ) >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
+  fi
+
+  shlibs_depends="$(sed -n 's/^shlibs:Depends=//p' "$debian_dir/substvars" | head -n1 || true)"
+
+  if [[ -n "$shlibs_depends" ]]; then
+    shlibs_depends="$(echo "$shlibs_depends" \
+      | sed -E 's/ *\([^)]*\)//g' \
+      | sed -E 's/ *, */, /g' \
+      | sed -E 's/^, *//; s/, *$//')"
+    final_depends="${shlibs_depends}, ${extra_depends}"
+  else
+    final_depends="${extra_depends}"
+  fi
+
+  cat > "$debian_dir/control" <<EOF
+Package: v2rayn
+Version: ${VERSION}
+Architecture: ${deb_arch}
+Maintainer: 2dust <noreply@github.com>
+Homepage: https://github.com/2dust/v2rayN
+Section: net
+Priority: optional
+Depends: ${final_depends}
+Description: v2rayN (Avalonia) GUI client for Linux
+ Support vless / vmess / Trojan / http / socks / Anytls / Hysteria2 /
+ Shadowsocks / tuic / WireGuard.
+EOF
+
+  find "$stage/opt/v2rayN" -type d -exec chmod 0755 {} +
+  find "$stage/opt/v2rayN" -type f -exec chmod 0644 {} +
+  [[ -f "$stage/opt/v2rayN/v2rayN" ]] && chmod 0755 "$stage/opt/v2rayN/v2rayN" || true
+  [[ -f "$stage/opt/v2rayN/libSkiaSharp.so" ]] && chmod 0755 "$stage/opt/v2rayN/libSkiaSharp.so" || true
+  [[ -f "$stage/opt/v2rayN/libHarfBuzzSharp.so" ]] && chmod 0755 "$stage/opt/v2rayN/libHarfBuzzSharp.so" || true
+  
+  deb_out="$OUTPUT_DIR/v2rayn_${VERSION}_${deb_arch}.deb"
+  dpkg-deb --root-owner-group --build "$stage" "$deb_out"
+
+  echo "Build done for $short. DEB at:"
+  echo "  $deb_out"
+  BUILT_DEBS+=("$deb_out")
+}
+
+select_targets() {
+  printf '%s\n' riscv64
+}
+
+build_one_target() {
+  local short="$1"
+  local meta=()
+  local rid=""
+  local deb_arch=""
+
+  mapfile -t meta < <(describe_target "$short") || return 1
+  rid="${meta[0]}"
+  deb_arch="${meta[1]}"
+
+  echo "[*] Building for target: $short  (RID=$rid, DEB arch=$deb_arch)"
+  publish_binary "$rid"
+  package_binary "$short" "$rid" "$deb_arch"
+}
+
+print_summary() {
+  local pkg=""
+
+  echo ""
+  echo "================ Build Summary ================="
+  if [[ "${#BUILT_DEBS[@]}" -gt 0 ]]; then
+    echo "Output directory: $OUTPUT_DIR"
+    for pkg in "${BUILT_DEBS[@]}"; do
+      echo "$pkg"
+    done
+  else
+    echo "No DEBs detected in summary (check build logs above)."
+  fi
+  echo "==============================================="
+}
+
+main() {
+  local targets=()
+  local arch=""
+
+  parse_args "$@"
+  detect_environment
+  install_dependencies
+  prepare_workspace
+  resolve_version
+  apply_riscv_patch
+
+  mapfile -t targets < <(select_targets)
+
+  for arch in "${targets[@]}"; do
+    build_one_target "$arch"
+  done
+
+  print_summary
+}
+
+main "$@"