diff --git a/database/migrate.go b/database/migrate.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f05371fa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/database/migrate.go
@@ -0,0 +1,178 @@
+package database
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"log"
+
+	"github.com/mhsanaei/3x-ui/v2/config"
+	"github.com/mhsanaei/3x-ui/v2/database/model"
+	"github.com/mhsanaei/3x-ui/v2/xray"
+
+	"gorm.io/driver/mysql"
+	"gorm.io/driver/sqlite"
+	"gorm.io/gorm"
+	"gorm.io/gorm/logger"
+)
+
+// allModels returns the list of all model structs for migration.
+func allModels() []any {
+	return []any{
+		&model.User{},
+		&model.Inbound{},
+		&model.OutboundTraffics{},
+		&model.Setting{},
+		&model.InboundClientIps{},
+		&xray.ClientTraffic{},
+		&model.HistoryOfSeeders{},
+	}
+}
+
+// tableNames returns the GORM table names for all models, in dependency order.
+func tableNames() []string {
+	return []string{
+		"users",
+		"inbounds",
+		"outbound_traffics",
+		"settings",
+		"inbound_client_ips",
+		"client_traffics",
+		"history_of_seeders",
+	}
+}
+
+// openSQLite opens a read-only SQLite connection for migration.
+func openSQLite(dbPath string) (*gorm.DB, error) {
+	return gorm.Open(sqlite.Open(dbPath), &gorm.Config{Logger: logger.Discard})
+}
+
+// openMariaDB opens a MariaDB connection for migration.
+func openMariaDB() (*gorm.DB, error) {
+	dbConfig := config.GetDBConfigFromJSON()
+	dsn := fmt.Sprintf("%s:%s@tcp(%s:%s)/%s?charset=utf8mb4&parseTime=True&loc=Local",
+		dbConfig.User, dbConfig.Password, dbConfig.Host, dbConfig.Port, dbConfig.Name)
+	return gorm.Open(mysql.Open(dsn), &gorm.Config{Logger: logger.Discard})
+}
+
+// migrateTable copies all rows from src table to dst table using the given model slice.
+// It returns the number of rows migrated.
+func migrateTable[T any](src, dst *gorm.DB, tableName string) (int64, error) {
+	var rows []T
+	if err := src.Table(tableName).Find(&rows).Error; err != nil {
+		return 0, fmt.Errorf("reading from %s: %w", tableName, err)
+	}
+	if len(rows) == 0 {
+		return 0, nil
+	}
+	if err := dst.Table(tableName).CreateInBatches(&rows, 100).Error; err != nil {
+		return 0, fmt.Errorf("writing to %s: %w", tableName, err)
+	}
+	return int64(len(rows)), nil
+}
+
+// MigrateSQLiteToMariaDB copies all data from the SQLite database to MariaDB.
+// The SQLite file is kept as a backup. The MariaDB tables are created via AutoMigrate first.
+func MigrateSQLiteToMariaDB() error {
+	srcDB, err := openSQLite(config.GetDBPath())
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to open SQLite source: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	dstDB, err := openMariaDB()
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to open MariaDB destination: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// AutoMigrate all tables on destination
+	for _, m := range allModels() {
+		if err := dstDB.AutoMigrate(m); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to migrate table on MariaDB: %w", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Clear the seeder history so seeders run fresh on the new DB
+	dstDB.Exec("DELETE FROM history_of_seeders")
+
+	// Migrate each table
+	total := int64(0)
+	for _, name := range tableNames() {
+		var count int64
+		switch name {
+		case "users":
+			count, err = migrateTable[model.User](srcDB, dstDB, name)
+		case "inbounds":
+			count, err = migrateTable[model.Inbound](srcDB, dstDB, name)
+		case "outbound_traffics":
+			count, err = migrateTable[model.OutboundTraffics](srcDB, dstDB, name)
+		case "settings":
+			count, err = migrateTable[model.Setting](srcDB, dstDB, name)
+		case "inbound_client_ips":
+			count, err = migrateTable[model.InboundClientIps](srcDB, dstDB, name)
+		case "client_traffics":
+			count, err = migrateTable[xray.ClientTraffic](srcDB, dstDB, name)
+		case "history_of_seeders":
+			count, err = migrateTable[model.HistoryOfSeeders](srcDB, dstDB, name)
+		}
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("migration failed for %s: %w", name, err)
+		}
+		total += count
+		log.Printf("Migrated %d rows from %s", count, name)
+	}
+
+	log.Printf("SQLite to MariaDB migration complete: %d total rows", total)
+	return nil
+}
+
+// MigrateMariaDBToSQLite copies all data from MariaDB to the SQLite database.
+// A new SQLite file is created (or overwritten) at the configured path.
+func MigrateMariaDBToSQLite() error {
+	srcDB, err := openMariaDB()
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to open MariaDB source: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	dstDB, err := openSQLite(config.GetDBPath())
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to open SQLite destination: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// AutoMigrate all tables on destination
+	for _, m := range allModels() {
+		if err := dstDB.AutoMigrate(m); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to migrate table on SQLite: %w", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Clear the seeder history so seeders run fresh on the new DB
+	dstDB.Exec("DELETE FROM history_of_seeders")
+
+	// Migrate each table
+	total := int64(0)
+	for _, name := range tableNames() {
+		var count int64
+		switch name {
+		case "users":
+			count, err = migrateTable[model.User](srcDB, dstDB, name)
+		case "inbounds":
+			count, err = migrateTable[model.Inbound](srcDB, dstDB, name)
+		case "outbound_traffics":
+			count, err = migrateTable[model.OutboundTraffics](srcDB, dstDB, name)
+		case "settings":
+			count, err = migrateTable[model.Setting](srcDB, dstDB, name)
+		case "inbound_client_ips":
+			count, err = migrateTable[model.InboundClientIps](srcDB, dstDB, name)
+		case "client_traffics":
+			count, err = migrateTable[xray.ClientTraffic](srcDB, dstDB, name)
+		case "history_of_seeders":
+			count, err = migrateTable[model.HistoryOfSeeders](srcDB, dstDB, name)
+		}
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("migration failed for %s: %w", name, err)
+		}
+		total += count
+		log.Printf("Migrated %d rows from %s", count, name)
+	}
+
+	log.Printf("MariaDB to SQLite migration complete: %d total rows", total)
+	return nil
+}