diff --git a/web/html/component/aTableSortable.html b/web/html/component/aTableSortable.html
index 4abad8ef..46b18c7d 100644
--- a/web/html/component/aTableSortable.html
+++ b/web/html/component/aTableSortable.html
@@ -1,237 +1,302 @@
 {{define "component/sortableTableTrigger"}}
-<a-icon type="drag" class="sortable-icon" :style="{ cursor: 'move' }" @mouseup="mouseUpHandler" @mousedown="mouseDownHandler"
-  @click="clickHandler" />
+<a-icon type="drag" class="sortable-icon"
+        role="button" tabindex="0"
+        :aria-label="ariaLabel"
+        @pointerdown="onPointerDown"
+        @keydown="onKeyDown" />
 {{end}}
 
 {{define "component/aTableSortable"}}
 <script>
-  const DRAGGABLE_ROW_CLASS = 'draggable-row';
-  const findParentRowElement = (el) => {
-    if (!el || !el.tagName) {
-      return null;
-    } else if (el.classList.contains(DRAGGABLE_ROW_CLASS)) {
-      return el;
-    } else if (el.parentNode) {
-      return findParentRowElement(el.parentNode);
-    } else {
-      return null;
-    }
-  }
+  /**
+   * Sortable a-table — drag-to-reorder rows using Pointer Events.
+   *
+   * Why a rewrite:
+   * - Old impl set `draggable: true` on every row, which (a) broke text
+   *   selection inside cells, (b) let HTML5 start a drag from anywhere on
+   *   the row even when the state machine wasn't primed, producing
+   *   "phantom drags" that didn't reorder anything.
+   * - HTML5 drag has no touch support on most mobile browsers and no
+   *   keyboard fallback at all.
+   * - The drag-image hack cloned the entire table — slow on big lists.
+   *
+   * New design:
+   * - Only the explicit drag handle initiates a drag, via Pointer Events
+   *   (one API for mouse + touch + pen). Rows are not draggable.
+   * - During drag, `data-source` is reordered live: the source row visually
+   *   slides into the target slot and other rows shift around it. The live
+   *   reorder IS the visual feedback — no separate floating preview.
+   * - On commit, emits `onsort(sourceIndex, targetIndex)` — same event name
+   *   and signature as before, so existing call sites stay unchanged.
+   * - Keyboard support: the handle is focusable; ArrowUp / ArrowDown move
+   *   the row by one; Escape cancels a pointer-drag in progress.
+   */
+  const ROW_CLASS = 'sortable-row';
+
   Vue.component('a-table-sortable', {
     data() {
       return {
-        sortingElementIndex: null,
-        newElementIndex: null,
+        // null when idle. While dragging:
+        //   { sourceIndex, targetIndex, pointerId, sourceKey }
+        drag: null,
       };
     },
     props: {
-      'data-source': {
-        type: undefined,
-        required: false,
-      },
-      'customRow': {
-        type: undefined,
-        required: false,
-      }
+      'data-source': { type: undefined, required: false },
+      'customRow':   { type: undefined, required: false },
+      'row-key':     { type: undefined, required: false },
     },
     inheritAttrs: false,
     provide() {
-      const sortable = {}
-      Object.defineProperty(sortable, "setSortableIndex", {
+      const sortable = {};
+      // Methods exposed to the trigger child via inject. Defined as getters
+      // so `this` binds to the component instance, not the plain object.
+      Object.defineProperty(sortable, 'startDrag', {
         enumerable: true,
-        get: () => this.setCurrentSortableIndex,
+        get: () => this.startDrag,
       });
-      Object.defineProperty(sortable, "resetSortableIndex", {
+      Object.defineProperty(sortable, 'moveByKeyboard', {
         enumerable: true,
-        get: () => this.resetSortableIndex,
+        get: () => this.moveByKeyboard,
       });
-      return {
-        sortable,
-      }
+      return { sortable };
     },
-    render: function (createElement) {
-      return createElement('a-table', {
-        class: {
-          'ant-table-is-sorting': this.isDragging(),
-        },
-        props: {
-          ...this.$attrs,
-          'data-source': this.records,
-          customRow: (record, index) => this.customRowRender(record, index),
-        },
-        on: this.$listeners,
-        nativeOn: {
-          drop: (e) => this.dropHandler(e),
-        },
-        scopedSlots: this.$scopedSlots,
-        locale: { 
-          filterConfirm: `{{ i18n "confirm" }}`, 
-          filterReset: `{{ i18n "reset" }}`, 
-          emptyText: `{{ i18n "noData" }}` 
-        }
-      }, this.$slots.default,)
-    },
-    created() {
-      this.$memoSort = {};
+    beforeDestroy() {
+      this.detachPointerListeners();
     },
     methods: {
-      isDragging() {
-        const currentIndex = this.sortingElementIndex;
-        return currentIndex !== null && currentIndex !== undefined;
+      isDragging() { return this.drag !== null; },
+      // Resolve the row key for a record. Used to identify the source row
+      // even after data-source is reordered live during drag.
+      keyOf(record, fallback) {
+        const rk = this.rowKey;
+        if (typeof rk === 'function') return rk(record);
+        if (typeof rk === 'string')   return record && record[rk];
+        return fallback;
       },
-      resetSortableIndex(e, index) {
-        this.sortingElementIndex = null;
-        this.newElementIndex = null;
-        this.$memoSort = {};
-      },
-      setCurrentSortableIndex(e, index) {
-        this.sortingElementIndex = index;
-      },
-      dragStartHandler(e, index) {
-        if (!this.isDragging()) {
-          e.preventDefault();
-          return;
-        }
-        const hideDragImage = this.$el.cloneNode(true);
-        hideDragImage.id = "hideDragImage-hide";
-        hideDragImage.style.opacity = 0;
-        e.dataTransfer.setDragImage(hideDragImage, 0, 0);
-      },
-      dragStopHandler(e, index) {
-        const hideDragImage = document.getElementById('hideDragImage-hide');
-        if (hideDragImage) hideDragImage.remove();
-        this.resetSortableIndex(e, index);
-      },
-      dragOverHandler(e, index) {
-        if (!this.isDragging()) {
-          return;
-        }
+      startDrag(e, sourceIndex) {
+        // Primary button only (mouse left / first touch).
+        if (e.button != null && e.button !== 0) return;
         e.preventDefault();
-        const currentIndex = this.sortingElementIndex;
-        if (index === currentIndex) {
-          this.newElementIndex = null;
-          return;
+        const record = this.dataSource && this.dataSource[sourceIndex];
+        this.drag = {
+          sourceIndex,
+          targetIndex: sourceIndex,
+          pointerId: e.pointerId,
+          sourceKey: this.keyOf(record, sourceIndex),
+        };
+        // Capture the pointer so move/up keep firing even if the cursor leaves
+        // the icon. Try/catch because some older browsers throw on capture.
+        if (e.target && typeof e.target.setPointerCapture === 'function' && e.pointerId != null) {
+          try { e.target.setPointerCapture(e.pointerId); } catch (_) {}
         }
-        const row = findParentRowElement(e.target);
-        if (!row) {
-          return;
-        }
-        const rect = row.getBoundingClientRect();
-        const offsetTop = e.pageY - rect.top;
-        if (offsetTop < rect.height / 2) {
-          this.newElementIndex = Math.max(index - 1, 0);
+        this.attachPointerListeners();
+      },
+      attachPointerListeners() {
+        this._onMove   = (ev) => this.onPointerMove(ev);
+        this._onUp     = (ev) => this.onPointerUp(ev);
+        this._onCancel = (ev) => this.cancelDrag(ev);
+        document.addEventListener('pointermove',   this._onMove,   true);
+        document.addEventListener('pointerup',     this._onUp,     true);
+        document.addEventListener('pointercancel', this._onCancel, true);
+        document.addEventListener('keydown',       this._onCancel, true);
+      },
+      detachPointerListeners() {
+        if (!this._onMove) return;
+        document.removeEventListener('pointermove',   this._onMove,   true);
+        document.removeEventListener('pointerup',     this._onUp,     true);
+        document.removeEventListener('pointercancel', this._onCancel, true);
+        document.removeEventListener('keydown',       this._onCancel, true);
+        this._onMove = this._onUp = this._onCancel = null;
+      },
+      onPointerMove(e) {
+        if (!this.drag) return;
+        if (this.drag.pointerId != null && e.pointerId !== this.drag.pointerId) return;
+        // Hit-test: find which row the pointer Y is inside (or closest to).
+        const rows = this.$el.querySelectorAll('tr.' + ROW_CLASS);
+        if (!rows.length) return;
+        const y = e.clientY;
+        const firstRect = rows[0].getBoundingClientRect();
+        const lastRect  = rows[rows.length - 1].getBoundingClientRect();
+        let target = this.drag.targetIndex;
+        if (y < firstRect.top) {
+          target = 0;
+        } else if (y > lastRect.bottom) {
+          target = rows.length - 1;
         } else {
-          this.newElementIndex = index;
+          for (let i = 0; i < rows.length; i++) {
+            const rect = rows[i].getBoundingClientRect();
+            if (y >= rect.top && y <= rect.bottom) {
+              target = i;
+              break;
+            }
+          }
+        }
+        if (target !== this.drag.targetIndex) {
+          this.drag = Object.assign({}, this.drag, { targetIndex: target });
         }
       },
-      dropHandler(e) {
-        if (this.isDragging()) {
-          this.$emit('onsort', this.sortingElementIndex, this.newElementIndex);
+      onPointerUp(e) {
+        if (!this.drag) return;
+        if (this.drag.pointerId != null && e.pointerId !== this.drag.pointerId) return;
+        this.commitDrag();
+      },
+      commitDrag() {
+        const d = this.drag;
+        this.detachPointerListeners();
+        this.drag = null;
+        if (d && d.sourceIndex !== d.targetIndex) {
+          this.$emit('onsort', d.sourceIndex, d.targetIndex);
         }
       },
+      cancelDrag(e) {
+        // Triggered by pointercancel and keydown handlers. For keydown, only
+        // act on Escape; otherwise let the event flow to other listeners.
+        if (e && e.type === 'keydown' && e.key !== 'Escape') return;
+        this.detachPointerListeners();
+        this.drag = null;
+      },
+      // Keyboard reorder: commit immediately by emitting onsort. No "preview"
+      // state needed since the move is one row up or down.
+      moveByKeyboard(direction, sourceIndex) {
+        const target = sourceIndex + direction;
+        if (target < 0 || target >= (this.dataSource || []).length) return;
+        this.$emit('onsort', sourceIndex, target);
+      },
       customRowRender(record, index) {
-        const parentMethodResult = this.customRow?.(record, index) || {};
-        const newIndex = this.newElementIndex;
-        const currentIndex = this.sortingElementIndex;
-        return {
-          ...parentMethodResult,
-          attrs: {
-            ...(parentMethodResult?.attrs || {}),
-            draggable: true,
-          },
-          on: {
-            ...(parentMethodResult?.on || {}),
-            dragstart: (e) => this.dragStartHandler(e, index),
-            dragend: (e) => this.dragStopHandler(e, index),
-            dragover: (e) => this.dragOverHandler(e, index),
-          },
-          class: {
-            ...(parentMethodResult?.class || {}),
-            [DRAGGABLE_ROW_CLASS]: true,
-            ['dragging']: this.isDragging() ? (newIndex === null ? index === currentIndex : index === newIndex) : false,
-          },
-        };
-      }
+        const parent = (typeof this.customRow === 'function')
+          ? (this.customRow(record, index) || {})
+          : {};
+        const d = this.drag;
+        const isSource = d && this.keyOf(record, index) === d.sourceKey;
+        return Object.assign({}, parent, {
+          // CRITICAL: no `draggable: true`. Drag is initiated only by the
+          // handle icon. Leaves text-selection on cells working normally.
+          attrs: Object.assign({}, parent.attrs || {}),
+          class: Object.assign({}, parent.class || {}, {
+            [ROW_CLASS]: true,
+            'sortable-source-row': !!isSource,
+          }),
+        });
+      },
     },
     computed: {
+      // Render-data: dataSource with the source row spliced into targetIndex.
+      // When idle or when target equals source, returns the original list
+      // unchanged so Ant Design's table treats this as a stable reference.
       records() {
-        const newIndex = this.newElementIndex;
-        const currentIndex = this.sortingElementIndex;
-        if (!this.isDragging() || newIndex === null || currentIndex === newIndex) {
-          return this.dataSource;
-        }
-        if (this.$memoSort.newIndex === newIndex) {
-          return this.$memoSort.list;
-        }
-        let list = [...this.dataSource];
-        list.splice(newIndex, 0, list.splice(currentIndex, 1)[0]);
-        this.$memoSort = {
-          newIndex,
-          list,
-        };
+        const d = this.drag;
+        if (!d || d.sourceIndex === d.targetIndex) return this.dataSource;
+        const list = (this.dataSource || []).slice();
+        const [item] = list.splice(d.sourceIndex, 1);
+        list.splice(d.targetIndex, 0, item);
         return list;
-      }
-    }
+      },
+    },
+    render(h) {
+      return h('a-table', {
+        class: { 'sortable-table': true, 'sortable-table-dragging': this.isDragging() },
+        props: Object.assign({}, this.$attrs, {
+          'data-source': this.records,
+          'row-key': this.rowKey,
+          customRow: (record, index) => this.customRowRender(record, index),
+          locale: {
+            filterConfirm: `{{ i18n "confirm" }}`,
+            filterReset:   `{{ i18n "reset" }}`,
+            emptyText:     `{{ i18n "noData" }}`,
+          },
+        }),
+        on: this.$listeners,
+        scopedSlots: this.$scopedSlots,
+      }, this.$slots.default);
+    },
   });
+
   Vue.component('a-table-sort-trigger', {
     template: `{{template "component/sortableTableTrigger"}}`,
     props: {
-      'item-index': {
-        type: undefined,
-        required: false
-      }
+      'item-index': { type: undefined, required: false },
     },
     inject: ['sortable'],
+    computed: {
+      ariaLabel() {
+        // Localised label is overkill for an internal a11y string; English is
+        // fine here and matches screen-reader expectations across locales.
+        return 'Drag to reorder row ' + (((this.itemIndex == null ? 0 : this.itemIndex) + 1));
+      },
+    },
     methods: {
-      mouseDownHandler(e) {
-        if (this.sortable) {
-          this.sortable.setSortableIndex(e, this.itemIndex);
+      onPointerDown(e) {
+        if (this.sortable && this.sortable.startDrag) {
+          this.sortable.startDrag(e, this.itemIndex);
         }
       },
-      mouseUpHandler(e) {
-        if (this.sortable) {
-          this.sortable.resetSortableIndex(e, this.itemIndex);
+      onKeyDown(e) {
+        if (!this.sortable || !this.sortable.moveByKeyboard) return;
+        if (e.key === 'ArrowUp') {
+          e.preventDefault();
+          this.sortable.moveByKeyboard(-1, this.itemIndex);
+        } else if (e.key === 'ArrowDown') {
+          e.preventDefault();
+          this.sortable.moveByKeyboard(+1, this.itemIndex);
         }
       },
-      clickHandler(e) {
-        e.preventDefault();
-      },
-    }
-  })
+    },
+  });
 </script>
+
 <style>
-  @media only screen and (max-width: 767px) {
-    .sortable-icon {
-      display: none;
-    }
+  /* Drag handle — focusable, keyboard-accessible, touch-friendly hit area.
+     `touch-action: none` is critical: it tells the browser not to interpret
+     touch on the icon as a scroll/zoom gesture, so pointermove fires for
+     drag-tracking. Without it, mobile browsers eat the pointer events. */
+  .sortable-icon {
+    display: inline-flex;
+    align-items: center;
+    justify-content: center;
+    cursor: grab;
+    padding: 6px;
+    border-radius: 6px;
+    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5);
+    transition: background-color 0.15s ease, color 0.15s ease;
+    user-select: none;
+    touch-action: none;
+  }
+  .sortable-icon:hover {
+    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.85);
+    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.06);
+  }
+  .sortable-icon:active { cursor: grabbing; }
+  .sortable-icon:focus-visible {
+    outline: 2px solid #008771;
+    outline-offset: 2px;
   }
 
-  .ant-table-is-sorting .draggable-row td {
-    background-color: #ffffff !important;
+  .light .sortable-icon { color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.45); }
+  .light .sortable-icon:hover {
+    color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.85);
+    background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
   }
 
-  .dark .ant-table-is-sorting .draggable-row td {
-    background-color: var(--dark-color-surface-100) !important;
+  /* While dragging: the source row gets a soft green wash so the user can
+     track which row is being moved. Other rows transition smoothly as the
+     data-source is reordered. */
+  .sortable-table-dragging .sortable-source-row > td {
+    background: rgba(0, 135, 113, 0.10) !important;
+    transition: background-color 0.18s ease;
   }
-
-  .ant-table-is-sorting .dragging td {
-    background-color: rgb(232 244 242) !important;
-    color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
+  .sortable-table-dragging .sortable-source-row .routing-index,
+  .sortable-table-dragging .sortable-source-row .outbound-index {
+    opacity: 0.45;
   }
-
-  .dark .ant-table-is-sorting .dragging td {
-    background-color: var(--dark-color-table-hover) !important;
-    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3);
+  .sortable-table-dragging .sortable-row > td {
+    transition: background-color 0.18s ease;
   }
-
-  .ant-table-is-sorting .dragging {
-    opacity: 1;
-    box-shadow: 1px -2px 2px #008771;
-    transition: all 0.2s;
-  }
-
-  .ant-table-is-sorting .dragging .ant-table-row-index {
-    opacity: 0.3;
+  /* Disable text selection across the whole table while a drag is in
+     progress — selection during drag is never useful and looks broken. */
+  .sortable-table-dragging,
+  .sortable-table-dragging * {
+    user-select: none;
   }
 </style>
-{{end}}
\ No newline at end of file
+{{end}}
diff --git a/web/html/settings/xray/routing.html b/web/html/settings/xray/routing.html
index 487f7963..866fa7f0 100644
--- a/web/html/settings/xray/routing.html
+++ b/web/html/settings/xray/routing.html
@@ -1,123 +1,193 @@
 {{define "settings/xray/routing"}}
-<a-space direction="vertical" size="middle">
-    <a-button type="primary" icon="plus" @click="addRule">{{ i18n "pages.xray.rules.add" }}</a-button>
-    <a-table-sortable :columns="isMobile ? rulesMobileColumns : rulesColumns" bordered :row-key="r => r.key"
-        :data-source="routingRuleData" :scroll="isMobile ? {} : { x: 1000 }" :pagination="false" :indent-size="0"
+<a-space direction="vertical" size="middle" class="routing-modern">
+    <a-button type="primary" icon="plus" @click="addRule">{{ i18n
+        "pages.xray.rules.add" }}</a-button>
+    <a-table-sortable :columns="isMobile ? rulesMobileColumns : rulesColumns"
+        :row-key="r => r.key"
+        :data-source="routingRuleData"
+        :scroll="{}"
+        :pagination="false"
+        :indent-size="0"
+        class="routing-table"
         v-on:onSort="replaceRule">
         <template slot="action" slot-scope="text, rule, index">
-            <a-table-sort-trigger :item-index="index"></a-table-sort-trigger>
-            <span class="ant-table-row-index"> [[ index+1 ]] </span>
-            <a-dropdown :trigger="['click']">
-                <a-icon @click="e => e.preventDefault()" type="more"
-                    :style="{ fontSize: '16px', textDecoration: 'bold' }"></a-icon>
-                <a-menu slot="overlay" :theme="themeSwitcher.currentTheme">
-                    <a-menu-item v-if="index>0" @click="replaceRule(index,0)">
-                        <a-icon type="vertical-align-top"></a-icon>
-                        {{ i18n "pages.xray.rules.first"}}
-                    </a-menu-item>
-                    <a-menu-item v-if="index>0" @click="replaceRule(index,index-1)">
-                        <a-icon type="arrow-up"></a-icon>
-                        {{ i18n "pages.xray.rules.up"}}
-                    </a-menu-item>
-                    <a-menu-item v-if="index<routingRuleData.length-1" @click="replaceRule(index,index+1)">
-                        <a-icon type="arrow-down"></a-icon>
-                        {{ i18n "pages.xray.rules.down"}}
-                    </a-menu-item>
-                    <a-menu-item v-if="index<routingRuleData.length-1"
-                        @click="replaceRule(index,routingRuleData.length-1)">
-                        <a-icon type="vertical-align-bottom"></a-icon>
-                        {{ i18n "pages.xray.rules.last"}}
-                    </a-menu-item>
-                    <a-menu-item @click="editRule(index)">
-                        <a-icon type="edit"></a-icon>
-                        {{ i18n "edit" }}
-                    </a-menu-item>
-                    <a-menu-item @click="deleteRule(index)">
-                        <span :style="{ color: '#FF4D4F' }">
-                            <a-icon type="delete"></a-icon> {{ i18n "delete"}}
-                        </span>
-                    </a-menu-item>
-                </a-menu>
-            </a-dropdown>
+            <div class="routing-action-cell">
+                <a-table-sort-trigger :item-index="index"></a-table-sort-trigger>
+                <span class="routing-index">[[ index+1 ]]</span>
+                <a-dropdown :trigger="['click']">
+                    <a-button shape="circle" size="small" class="routing-action-btn"
+                        @click="e => e.preventDefault()">
+                        <a-icon type="more"></a-icon>
+                    </a-button>
+                    <a-menu slot="overlay" :theme="themeSwitcher.currentTheme">
+                        <a-menu-item @click="editRule(index)">
+                            <a-icon type="edit"></a-icon>
+                            <span>{{ i18n "edit" }}</span>
+                        </a-menu-item>
+                        <a-menu-item @click="deleteRule(index)">
+                            <span :style="{ color: '#FF4D4F' }">
+                                <a-icon type="delete"></a-icon>
+                                <span>{{ i18n "delete" }}</span>
+                            </span>
+                        </a-menu-item>
+                    </a-menu>
+                </a-dropdown>
+            </div>
         </template>
-        <template slot="inbound" slot-scope="text, rule, index">
-            <a-popover :overlay-class-name="themeSwitcher.currentTheme">
-                <template slot="content">
-                    <p v-if="rule.inboundTag">Inbound Tag: [[ rule.inboundTag ]]</p>
-                    <p v-if="rule.user">User email: [[ rule.user ]]</p>
-                </template>
-                [[ [rule.inboundTag,rule.user].join('\n') ]]
-            </a-popover>
+
+        <template slot="source" slot-scope="text, rule">
+            <div class="criterion-flow">
+                <a-tooltip v-if="rule.sourceIP"
+                    :title="'Source IP: ' + joinCsv(rule.sourceIP)"
+                    :overlay-class-name="themeSwitcher.currentTheme"
+                    :trigger="['hover', 'click']">
+                    <span class="criterion-row">
+                        <span class="criterion-label">IP</span>
+                        <span class="criterion-value">[[ csv(rule.sourceIP)[0] ]]</span>
+                        <span v-if="csv(rule.sourceIP).length > 1" class="criterion-more">+[[ csv(rule.sourceIP).length - 1 ]]</span>
+                    </span>
+                </a-tooltip>
+                <a-tooltip v-if="rule.sourcePort"
+                    :title="'Source Port: ' + joinCsv(rule.sourcePort)"
+                    :overlay-class-name="themeSwitcher.currentTheme"
+                    :trigger="['hover', 'click']">
+                    <span class="criterion-row">
+                        <span class="criterion-label">Port</span>
+                        <span class="criterion-value">[[ csv(rule.sourcePort)[0] ]]</span>
+                        <span v-if="csv(rule.sourcePort).length > 1" class="criterion-more">+[[ csv(rule.sourcePort).length - 1 ]]</span>
+                    </span>
+                </a-tooltip>
+                <a-tooltip v-if="rule.vlessRoute"
+                    :title="'VLESS Route: ' + joinCsv(rule.vlessRoute)"
+                    :overlay-class-name="themeSwitcher.currentTheme"
+                    :trigger="['hover', 'click']">
+                    <span class="criterion-row">
+                        <span class="criterion-label">VLESS</span>
+                        <span class="criterion-value">[[ csv(rule.vlessRoute)[0] ]]</span>
+                        <span v-if="csv(rule.vlessRoute).length > 1" class="criterion-more">+[[ csv(rule.vlessRoute).length - 1 ]]</span>
+                    </span>
+                </a-tooltip>
+                <span class="routing-criteria-empty"
+                    v-if="!rule.sourceIP && !rule.sourcePort && !rule.vlessRoute">—</span>
+            </div>
         </template>
-        <template slot="outbound" slot-scope="text, rule, index">
-            <a-popover :overlay-class-name="themeSwitcher.currentTheme">
-                <template slot="content">
-                    <p v-if="rule.outboundTag">Outbound Tag: [[ rule.outboundTag ]]</p>
-                </template>
-                [[ rule.outboundTag ]]
-            </a-popover>
+
+        <template slot="network" slot-scope="text, rule">
+            <div class="criterion-flow">
+                <a-tooltip v-if="rule.network"
+                    :title="'L4: ' + joinCsv(rule.network)"
+                    :overlay-class-name="themeSwitcher.currentTheme"
+                    :trigger="['hover', 'click']">
+                    <span class="criterion-row">
+                        <span class="criterion-label">L4</span>
+                        <span class="criterion-value">[[ csv(rule.network)[0] ]]</span>
+                        <span v-if="csv(rule.network).length > 1" class="criterion-more">+[[ csv(rule.network).length - 1 ]]</span>
+                    </span>
+                </a-tooltip>
+                <a-tooltip v-if="rule.protocol"
+                    :title="'Protocol: ' + joinCsv(rule.protocol)"
+                    :overlay-class-name="themeSwitcher.currentTheme"
+                    :trigger="['hover', 'click']">
+                    <span class="criterion-row">
+                        <span class="criterion-label">Protocol</span>
+                        <span class="criterion-value">[[ csv(rule.protocol)[0] ]]</span>
+                        <span v-if="csv(rule.protocol).length > 1" class="criterion-more">+[[ csv(rule.protocol).length - 1 ]]</span>
+                    </span>
+                </a-tooltip>
+                <a-tooltip v-if="rule.attrs"
+                    :title="'Attrs: ' + joinCsv(rule.attrs)"
+                    :overlay-class-name="themeSwitcher.currentTheme"
+                    :trigger="['hover', 'click']">
+                    <span class="criterion-row">
+                        <span class="criterion-label">Attrs</span>
+                        <span class="criterion-value">[[ csv(rule.attrs)[0] ]]</span>
+                        <span v-if="csv(rule.attrs).length > 1" class="criterion-more">+[[ csv(rule.attrs).length - 1 ]]</span>
+                    </span>
+                </a-tooltip>
+                <span class="routing-criteria-empty"
+                    v-if="!rule.network && !rule.protocol && !rule.attrs">—</span>
+            </div>
         </template>
-        <template slot="balancer" slot-scope="text, rule, index">
-            <a-popover :overlay-class-name="themeSwitcher.currentTheme">
-                <template slot="content">
-                    <p v-if="rule.balancerTag">Balancer Tag: [[ rule.balancerTag ]]</p>
-                </template>
-                [[ rule.balancerTag ]]
-            </a-popover>
+
+        <template slot="destination" slot-scope="text, rule">
+            <div class="criterion-flow">
+                <a-tooltip v-if="rule.ip"
+                    :title="'Destination IP: ' + joinCsv(rule.ip)"
+                    :overlay-class-name="themeSwitcher.currentTheme"
+                    :trigger="['hover', 'click']">
+                    <span class="criterion-row">
+                        <span class="criterion-label">IP</span>
+                        <span class="criterion-value">[[ csv(rule.ip)[0] ]]</span>
+                        <span v-if="csv(rule.ip).length > 1" class="criterion-more">+[[ csv(rule.ip).length - 1 ]]</span>
+                    </span>
+                </a-tooltip>
+                <a-tooltip v-if="rule.domain"
+                    :title="'Domain: ' + joinCsv(rule.domain)"
+                    :overlay-class-name="themeSwitcher.currentTheme"
+                    :trigger="['hover', 'click']">
+                    <span class="criterion-row">
+                        <span class="criterion-label">Domain</span>
+                        <span class="criterion-value">[[ csv(rule.domain)[0] ]]</span>
+                        <span v-if="csv(rule.domain).length > 1" class="criterion-more">+[[ csv(rule.domain).length - 1 ]]</span>
+                    </span>
+                </a-tooltip>
+                <a-tooltip v-if="rule.port"
+                    :title="'Destination Port: ' + joinCsv(rule.port)"
+                    :overlay-class-name="themeSwitcher.currentTheme"
+                    :trigger="['hover', 'click']">
+                    <span class="criterion-row">
+                        <span class="criterion-label">Port</span>
+                        <span class="criterion-value">[[ csv(rule.port)[0] ]]</span>
+                        <span v-if="csv(rule.port).length > 1" class="criterion-more">+[[ csv(rule.port).length - 1 ]]</span>
+                    </span>
+                </a-tooltip>
+                <span class="routing-criteria-empty"
+                    v-if="!rule.ip && !rule.domain && !rule.port">—</span>
+            </div>
         </template>
-        <template slot="info" slot-scope="text, rule, index">
-            <a-popover placement="bottomRight"
-                v-if="(rule.sourceIP+rule.sourcePort+rule.vlessRoute+rule.network+rule.protocol+rule.attrs+rule.ip+rule.domain+rule.port).length>0"
-                :overlay-class-name="themeSwitcher.currentTheme" trigger="click">
-                <template slot="content">
-                    <table cellpadding="2" :style="{ maxWidth: '300px' }">
-                        <tr v-if="rule.sourceIP">
-                            <td>Source IP</td>
-                            <td><a-tag color="blue" v-for="r in rule.sourceIP.split(',')">[[ r ]]</a-tag></td>
-                        </tr>
-                        <tr v-if="rule.sourcePort">
-                            <td>Source Port</td>
-                            <td><a-tag color="green" v-for="r in rule.sourcePort.split(',')">[[ r ]]</a-tag></td>
-                        </tr>
-                        <tr v-if="rule.vlessRoute">
-                            <td>VLESS Route</td>
-                            <td><a-tag color="geekblue" v-for="r in rule.vlessRoute.split(',')">[[ r ]]</a-tag></td>
-                        </tr>
-                        <tr v-if="rule.network">
-                            <td>Network</td>
-                            <td><a-tag color="blue" v-for="r in rule.network.split(',')">[[ r ]]</a-tag></td>
-                        </tr>
-                        <tr v-if="rule.protocol">
-                            <td>Protocol</td>
-                            <td><a-tag color="green" v-for="r in rule.protocol.split(',')">[[ r ]]</a-tag></td>
-                        </tr>
-                        <tr v-if="rule.attrs">
-                            <td>Attrs</td>
-                            <td><a-tag color="blue" v-for="r in rule.attrs.split(',')">[[ r ]]</a-tag></td>
-                        </tr>
-                        <tr v-if="rule.ip">
-                            <td>IP</td>
-                            <td><a-tag color="green" v-for="r in rule.ip.split(',')">[[ r ]]</a-tag></td>
-                        </tr>
-                        <tr v-if="rule.domain">
-                            <td>Domain</td>
-                            <td><a-tag color="blue" v-for="r in rule.domain.split(',')">[[ r ]]</a-tag></td>
-                        </tr>
-                        <tr v-if="rule.port">
-                            <td>Port</td>
-                            <td><a-tag color="green" v-for="r in rule.port.split(',')">[[ r ]]</a-tag></td>
-                        </tr>
-                        <tr v-if="rule.balancerTag">
-                            <td>Balancer Tag</td>
-                            <td><a-tag color="blue">[[ rule.balancerTag ]]</a-tag></td>
-                        </tr>
-                    </table>
-                </template>
-                <a-button shape="round" size="small" :style="{ fontSize: '14px', padding: '0 10px' }">
-                    <a-icon type="info"></a-icon>
-                </a-button>
-            </a-popover>
+
+        <template slot="inbound" slot-scope="text, rule">
+            <div class="criterion-flow">
+                <a-tooltip v-if="rule.inboundTag"
+                    :title="'Inbound Tag: ' + joinCsv(rule.inboundTag)"
+                    :overlay-class-name="themeSwitcher.currentTheme"
+                    :trigger="['hover', 'click']">
+                    <span class="criterion-row">
+                        <span class="criterion-label">Tag</span>
+                        <span class="criterion-value">[[ csv(rule.inboundTag)[0] ]]</span>
+                        <span v-if="csv(rule.inboundTag).length > 1" class="criterion-more">+[[ csv(rule.inboundTag).length - 1 ]]</span>
+                    </span>
+                </a-tooltip>
+                <a-tooltip v-if="rule.user"
+                    :title="'Client: ' + joinCsv(rule.user)"
+                    :overlay-class-name="themeSwitcher.currentTheme"
+                    :trigger="['hover', 'click']">
+                    <span class="criterion-row">
+                        <span class="criterion-label">User</span>
+                        <span class="criterion-value">[[ csv(rule.user)[0] ]]</span>
+                        <span v-if="csv(rule.user).length > 1" class="criterion-more">+[[ csv(rule.user).length - 1 ]]</span>
+                    </span>
+                </a-tooltip>
+                <span class="routing-criteria-empty"
+                    v-if="!rule.inboundTag && !rule.user">—</span>
+            </div>
         </template>
+
+        <template slot="target" slot-scope="text, rule">
+            <div class="routing-target-cell">
+                <div class="routing-target-row" v-if="rule.outboundTag">
+                    <a-icon type="export" class="routing-target-icon"></a-icon>
+                    <span class="outbound-pill tone-emerald">[[ rule.outboundTag ]]</span>
+                </div>
+                <div class="routing-target-row" v-if="rule.balancerTag">
+                    <a-icon type="cluster" class="routing-target-icon"></a-icon>
+                    <span class="outbound-pill tone-violet">[[ rule.balancerTag ]]</span>
+                </div>
+                <span class="routing-criteria-empty"
+                    v-if="!rule.outboundTag && !rule.balancerTag">—</span>
+            </div>
+        </template>
+
     </a-table-sortable>
 </a-space>
-{{end}}
\ No newline at end of file
+{{end}}
diff --git a/web/html/xray.html b/web/html/xray.html
index cc3a505a..666c9c59 100644
--- a/web/html/xray.html
+++ b/web/html/xray.html
@@ -165,40 +165,32 @@
 {{template "modals/warpModal"}}
 {{template "modals/nordModal"}}
 <script>
+  // Modernised rules layout — 6 cells (#, source, network, destination,
+  // inbound, target). Each criterion renders as a single self-labelled
+  // pill that shows the first value plus a "+N" remainder badge for the
+  // rest; the full list is surfaced via tooltip on hover. The destination
+  // column has no fixed width and absorbs leftover horizontal space so the
+  // table fits typical viewports without a horizontal scrollbar.
   const rulesColumns = [
-    { title: "#", align: 'center', width: 15, scopedSlots: { customRender: 'action' } },
-    {
-      title: '{{ i18n "pages.xray.rules.source"}}', children: [
-        { title: 'IP', dataIndex: "sourceIP", align: 'center', width: 20, ellipsis: true },
-        { title: '{{ i18n "pages.inbounds.port" }}', dataIndex: 'sourcePort', align: 'center', width: 10, ellipsis: true },
-        { title: 'VLESS Route', dataIndex: 'vlessRoute', align: 'center', width: 15, ellipsis: true }]
-    },
-    {
-      title: '{{ i18n "pages.inbounds.network"}}', children: [
-        { title: 'L4', dataIndex: 'network', align: 'center', width: 10 },
-        { title: '{{ i18n "protocol" }}', dataIndex: 'protocol', align: 'center', width: 15, ellipsis: true },
-        { title: 'Attrs', dataIndex: 'attrs', align: 'center', width: 10, ellipsis: true }]
-    },
-    {
-      title: '{{ i18n "pages.xray.rules.dest"}}', children: [
-        { title: 'IP', dataIndex: 'ip', align: 'center', width: 20, ellipsis: true },
-        { title: '{{ i18n "pages.xray.outbound.domain" }}', dataIndex: 'domain', align: 'center', width: 20, ellipsis: true },
-        { title: '{{ i18n "pages.inbounds.port" }}', dataIndex: 'port', align: 'center', width: 10, ellipsis: true }]
-    },
-    {
-      title: '{{ i18n "pages.xray.rules.inbound"}}', children: [
-        { title: '{{ i18n "pages.xray.outbound.tag" }}', dataIndex: 'inboundTag', align: 'center', width: 15, ellipsis: true },
-        { title: '{{ i18n "pages.inbounds.client" }}', dataIndex: 'user', align: 'center', width: 20, ellipsis: true }]
-    },
-    { title: '{{ i18n "pages.xray.rules.outbound"}}', dataIndex: 'outboundTag', align: 'center', width: 17 },
-    { title: '{{ i18n "pages.xray.rules.balancer"}}', dataIndex: 'balancerTag', align: 'center', width: 15 },
+    { title: '#', align: 'center', width: 70, scopedSlots: { customRender: 'action' } },
+    { title: '{{ i18n "pages.xray.rules.source"}}',   align: 'left', width: 180, scopedSlots: { customRender: 'source' } },
+    { title: '{{ i18n "pages.inbounds.network"}}',    align: 'left', width: 180, scopedSlots: { customRender: 'network' } },
+    { title: '{{ i18n "pages.xray.rules.dest"}}',     align: 'left',              scopedSlots: { customRender: 'destination' } },
+    { title: '{{ i18n "pages.xray.rules.inbound"}}',  align: 'left', width: 180, scopedSlots: { customRender: 'inbound' } },
+    { title: '{{ i18n "pages.xray.rules.outbound"}}', align: 'left', width: 170, scopedSlots: { customRender: 'target' } },
   ];
 
+  // Mobile: 3-column table — #, Inbound, Outbound. Source / Network /
+  // Destination criteria are dropped to keep the table readable on
+  // narrow viewports. Users see the rule's identity (Inbound) and
+  // what it does (Outbound) at a glance; full criteria are accessible
+  // by tapping Edit in the actions menu.
+  // # column is wider than desktop (110 vs 70) to fit the touch-friendly
+  // drag handle (padding: 6px → ~28px) alongside the index and dropdown.
   const rulesMobileColumns = [
-    { title: "#", align: 'center', width: 20, scopedSlots: { customRender: 'action' } },
-    { title: '{{ i18n "pages.xray.rules.inbound"}}', align: 'center', width: 50, ellipsis: true, scopedSlots: { customRender: 'inbound' } },
-    { title: '{{ i18n "pages.xray.rules.outbound"}}', align: 'center', width: 50, ellipsis: true, scopedSlots: { customRender: 'outbound' } },
-    { title: '{{ i18n "pages.xray.rules.info"}}', align: 'center', width: 50, ellipsis: true, scopedSlots: { customRender: 'info' } },
+    { title: '#', align: 'center', width: 110, scopedSlots: { customRender: 'action' } },
+    { title: '{{ i18n "pages.xray.rules.inbound"}}',  align: 'left',              scopedSlots: { customRender: 'inbound' } },
+    { title: '{{ i18n "pages.xray.rules.outbound"}}', align: 'left', width: 140, scopedSlots: { customRender: 'target' } },
   ];
 
   const outboundColumns = [
@@ -633,6 +625,24 @@
       isOutboundUntestable(outbound) {
         return outbound.protocol === 'blackhole' || outbound.tag === 'blocked';
       },
+      // csv splits a comma-separated rule field into trimmed non-empty values.
+      // Routing rule data uses CSV strings for multi-value criteria (e.g.
+      // sourceIP "1.2.3.0/24,4.5.6.0/24"); the modern table renders each
+      // criterion as a single summary pill, so values are normally re-joined
+      // via joinCsv() but this helper is kept for callers that need an array.
+      csv(value) {
+        if (!value) return [];
+        return String(value)
+          .split(',')
+          .map(v => v.trim())
+          .filter(v => v.length > 0);
+      },
+      // joinCsv normalises a CSV-style rule field into a single comma-space
+      // separated string suitable for tooltips. Returns '' for empty inputs
+      // so v-if guards can short-circuit on the raw rule field.
+      joinCsv(value) {
+        return this.csv(value).join(', ');
+      },
       findOutboundAddress(o) {
         serverObj = null;
         switch (o.protocol) {
@@ -1860,12 +1870,12 @@
   .xray-page .outbound-pill {
     display: inline-flex;
     align-items: center;
-    height: 22px;
-    padding: 0 9px;
+    min-height: 22px;
+    padding: 2px 9px;
     border-radius: 11px;
     font-size: 12px;
     font-weight: 500;
-    line-height: 1;
+    line-height: 1.4;
     letter-spacing: 0.01em;
     border: 1px solid transparent;
     white-space: nowrap;
@@ -1965,5 +1975,156 @@
     box-shadow: none;
     opacity: 0.45;
   }
+
+  /* ───────── Modern routing-rules table ─────────
+     Reuses the .outbound-pill tonal primitive (identical visual) so the
+     routing tab feels like the same panel as outbounds. Each cell groups
+     a routing criterion (Source / Network / Destination / Inbound) and
+     shows its values as labelled pills. */
+  .xray-page .routing-modern { width: 100%; }
+  .xray-page .routing-table .ant-table {
+    background: transparent;
+    border-radius: 14px;
+    overflow: hidden;
+  }
+  .xray-page .routing-table .ant-table-thead > tr > th {
+    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.025);
+    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.55);
+    font-weight: 500;
+    font-size: 12px;
+    letter-spacing: 0.04em;
+    text-transform: uppercase;
+    white-space: nowrap;
+    border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.06);
+    padding: 14px 18px;
+  }
+  .light .xray-page .routing-table .ant-table-thead > tr > th {
+    background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.02);
+    color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.55);
+    border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.06);
+  }
+  .xray-page .routing-table .ant-table-tbody > tr > td {
+    border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.04);
+    padding: 16px 18px;
+    transition: background-color 0.15s ease;
+    vertical-align: top;
+  }
+  .light .xray-page .routing-table .ant-table-tbody > tr > td {
+    border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.04);
+  }
+  .xray-page .routing-table .ant-table-tbody > tr:last-child > td {
+    border-bottom: none;
+  }
+  .xray-page .routing-table .ant-table-tbody > tr:hover > td {
+    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.035) !important;
+  }
+  .light .xray-page .routing-table .ant-table-tbody > tr:hover > td {
+    background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.025) !important;
+  }
+
+  /* Sort handle / # / actions */
+  .xray-page .routing-action-cell {
+    display: inline-flex;
+    align-items: center;
+    gap: 8px;
+  }
+  .xray-page .routing-index {
+    font-weight: 600;
+    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);
+    font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
+    min-width: 18px;
+    text-align: end;
+  }
+  .light .xray-page .routing-index { color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.7); }
+  .xray-page .routing-action-btn {
+    border: none;
+    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.05);
+    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.75);
+    transition: background 0.15s ease;
+  }
+  .xray-page .routing-action-btn:hover {
+    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12);
+    color: #fff;
+  }
+  .light .xray-page .routing-action-btn {
+    background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
+    color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.75);
+  }
+  .light .xray-page .routing-action-btn:hover {
+    background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
+    color: #000;
+  }
+
+  /* Plain-text criterion rows — replaces pill primitives in condition
+     columns. Each criterion is a row of "label value (+N)" with form-label
+     styling on the label. No bg, no border, no color tones — keeps cells
+     light and lets the column header carry the type semantic. The cell's
+     visual weight is now proportional only to the data length, not to
+     decoration. The single colored pill in Outbound/Balancer remains as
+     the row's focal point. */
+  .xray-page .criterion-flow {
+    display: flex;
+    flex-direction: column;
+    gap: 3px;
+    min-width: 0;
+  }
+  .xray-page .criterion-row {
+    display: flex;
+    align-items: baseline;
+    gap: 8px;
+    min-width: 0;
+    font-size: 13px;
+    line-height: 1.5;
+  }
+  .xray-page .criterion-label {
+    flex: 0 0 auto;
+    font-size: 11px;
+    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.42);
+    font-weight: 400;
+    letter-spacing: 0;
+    text-transform: none;
+  }
+  .light .xray-page .criterion-label { color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.45); }
+  .xray-page .criterion-value {
+    flex: 1 1 auto;
+    min-width: 0;
+    overflow: hidden;
+    text-overflow: ellipsis;
+    white-space: nowrap;
+    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.85);
+  }
+  .light .xray-page .criterion-value { color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.85); }
+  .xray-page .criterion-more {
+    flex: 0 0 auto;
+    font-size: 11px;
+    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.42);
+    font-weight: 500;
+  }
+  .light .xray-page .criterion-more { color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.45); }
+
+  .xray-page .routing-criteria-empty {
+    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3);
+    font-style: italic;
+  }
+  .light .xray-page .routing-criteria-empty { color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3); }
+
+  /* Target cell (outbound / balancer) — vertically stacked rows of icon + pill */
+  .xray-page .routing-target-cell {
+    display: flex;
+    flex-direction: column;
+    gap: 4px;
+    min-width: 0;
+  }
+  .xray-page .routing-target-row {
+    display: inline-flex;
+    align-items: center;
+    gap: 8px;
+  }
+  .xray-page .routing-target-icon {
+    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.45);
+    font-size: 13px;
+  }
+  .light .xray-page .routing-target-icon { color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.45); }
+
 </style>
 {{ template "page/body_end" .}}
\ No newline at end of file