add PostgreSQL backend and portable backup system.

- Add SQLite/PostgreSQL switching via panel UI and env variables
- Introduce portable .xui-backup format for cross-backend backups
- Add connection pooling and PrepareStmt cache for PostgreSQL
- Fix raw SQL double-quote bug breaking queries on PostgreSQL
- Fix GORM record-not-found log spam on every Xray config poll
- Add database section to Settings with full EN/RU i18n

Dockerfile

@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ RUN apk add --no-cache --update \
 
 COPY --from=builder /app/build/ /app/
 COPY --from=builder /app/DockerEntrypoint.sh /app/
+COPY --from=builder /app/postgres-manager.sh /app/
 COPY --from=builder /app/x-ui.sh /usr/bin/x-ui
 
 
@@ -47,6 +48,7 @@ RUN rm -f /etc/fail2ban/jail.d/alpine-ssh.conf \
 
 RUN chmod +x \
   /app/DockerEntrypoint.sh \
+  /app/postgres-manager.sh \
   /app/x-ui \
   /usr/bin/x-ui
 

README.md

@@ -30,6 +30,76 @@ bash <(curl -Ls https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mhsanaei/3x-ui/master/install.
 
 For full documentation, please visit the [project Wiki](https://github.com/MHSanaei/3x-ui/wiki).
 
+## Database Backends
+
+3X-UI supports both `SQLite` and `PostgreSQL` as interchangeable backends. All application logic is written against [GORM](https://gorm.io/) — Go's database-agnostic ORM — so queries work identically on either engine. You can switch backends at any time through the panel UI without data loss.
+
+### Choosing a Backend
+
+| | SQLite | PostgreSQL |
+|---|---|---|
+| Setup | Zero config, file-based | Requires a running PG server |
+| Best for | Single-node, low traffic | Multi-node, high concurrency |
+| Backups | Portable + native file export | Portable export |
+
+### Switching Backends (Panel UI)
+
+1. Open **Settings → General → Database**.
+2. Select a backend (`SQLite` or `PostgreSQL`) and fill in connection details.
+3. Click **Test Connection** to verify.
+4. Click **Switch Database** — the panel will:
+   - Save a portable backup of current data automatically.
+   - Migrate all data to the new backend.
+   - Restart itself.
+
+> The target database must be empty before switching. Use **Test Connection** before switching to catch misconfigurations early.
+
+### Local PostgreSQL (panel-managed)
+
+When selecting **Local (panel-managed)** mode, the panel installs and manages PostgreSQL automatically (Linux, root only):
+
+```bash
+# The panel uses postgres-manager.sh internally.
+# No manual PostgreSQL setup required.
+```
+
+### External PostgreSQL
+
+Point the panel at any existing PostgreSQL 13+ server:
+
+1. Create a dedicated database and user.
+2. Enter the connection details in Settings → Database.
+3. Use **Test Connection**, then **Switch Database**.
+
+### Environment Variable Override
+
+For Docker and infrastructure-as-code deployments, set these environment variables to control the backend without touching the UI:
+
+```bash
+XUI_DB_DRIVER=postgres        # or: sqlite
+XUI_DB_HOST=127.0.0.1
+XUI_DB_PORT=5432
+XUI_DB_NAME=x-ui
+XUI_DB_USER=x-ui
+XUI_DB_PASSWORD=change-me
+XUI_DB_SSLMODE=disable        # or: require, verify-ca, verify-full
+XUI_DB_MODE=external          # or: local
+XUI_DB_PATH=/etc/x-ui/db/x-ui.db   # SQLite only
+```
+
+When any `XUI_DB_*` variable is set, the Database section in the panel UI becomes read-only.
+
+### Backup & Restore
+
+| Format | Works with | When to use |
+|---|---|---|
+| **Portable** (`.xui-backup`) | SQLite + PostgreSQL | Switching backends, Telegram bot backups, long-term storage |
+| **Native SQLite** (`.db`) | SQLite only | Quick raw file backup while on SQLite |
+
+- The Telegram bot sends a **portable backup** automatically — this works regardless of which backend is active.
+- Portable backups can be imported back on either SQLite or PostgreSQL.
+- Legacy `.db` files from older 3x-ui versions can be imported even while PostgreSQL is active.
+
 ## A Special Thanks to
 
 - [alireza0](https://github.com/alireza0/)

README.ru_RU.md

@@ -30,6 +30,76 @@ bash <(curl -Ls https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mhsanaei/3x-ui/master/install.
 
 Полную документацию смотрите в [вики проекта](https://github.com/MHSanaei/3x-ui/wiki).
 
+## Базы данных
+
+3X-UI поддерживает `SQLite` и `PostgreSQL` как взаимозаменяемые бэкенды. Вся логика приложения написана через [GORM](https://gorm.io/) — ORM для Go с поддержкой множества СУБД, — поэтому запросы работают одинаково на любом движке. Переключиться между бэкендами можно в любой момент через UI панели без потери данных.
+
+### Выбор бэкенда
+
+| | SQLite | PostgreSQL |
+|---|---|---|
+| Настройка | Ноль конфигурации, файловая БД | Требует работающий PG-сервер |
+| Подходит для | Один узел, малый трафик | Несколько узлов, высокая нагрузка |
+| Резервные копии | Портативный + нативный файл | Только портативный |
+
+### Переключение бэкенда через UI
+
+1. Откройте **Настройки → Панель → База данных**.
+2. Выберите бэкенд (`SQLite` или `PostgreSQL`) и заполните параметры подключения.
+3. Нажмите **Проверить подключение**.
+4. Нажмите **Переключить базу данных** — панель автоматически:
+   - Сохранит портативную резервную копию текущих данных.
+   - Мигрирует все данные в новый бэкенд.
+   - Перезапустится.
+
+> Целевая база данных должна быть пустой перед переключением. Всегда используйте **Проверить подключение** перед переключением.
+
+### Локальный PostgreSQL (управляется панелью)
+
+Режим **Локальный (управляется панелью)** — панель устанавливает и настраивает PostgreSQL автоматически (только Linux, root):
+
+```bash
+# Панель использует postgres-manager.sh внутри себя.
+# Ручная настройка PostgreSQL не требуется.
+```
+
+### Внешний PostgreSQL
+
+Подключение к существующему серверу PostgreSQL 13+:
+
+1. Создайте отдельную БД и пользователя.
+2. Введите параметры подключения в Настройки → База данных.
+3. Нажмите **Проверить подключение**, затем **Переключить базу данных**.
+
+### Переопределение через переменные окружения
+
+Для Docker и IaC-деплоев можно управлять бэкендом через переменные окружения:
+
+```bash
+XUI_DB_DRIVER=postgres        # или: sqlite
+XUI_DB_HOST=127.0.0.1
+XUI_DB_PORT=5432
+XUI_DB_NAME=x-ui
+XUI_DB_USER=x-ui
+XUI_DB_PASSWORD=change-me
+XUI_DB_SSLMODE=disable        # или: require, verify-ca, verify-full
+XUI_DB_MODE=external          # или: local
+XUI_DB_PATH=/etc/x-ui/db/x-ui.db   # только для SQLite
+```
+
+Если задана любая переменная `XUI_DB_*`, раздел «База данных» в UI становится read-only.
+
+### Резервное копирование и восстановление
+
+| Формат | Совместим с | Когда использовать |
+|---|---|---|
+| **Портативный** (`.xui-backup`) | SQLite + PostgreSQL | Переключение бэкендов, резервные копии через Telegram-бот, долгосрочное хранение |
+| **Нативный SQLite** (`.db`) | Только SQLite | Быстрый файловый бэкап при активном SQLite |
+
+- Telegram-бот отправляет **портативную резервную копию** автоматически — это работает независимо от активного бэкенда.
+- Портативные копии можно импортировать на SQLite и на PostgreSQL.
+- Устаревшие `.db`-файлы от старых версий 3x-ui можно импортировать даже при активном PostgreSQL.
+
 ## Особая благодарность
 
 - [alireza0](https://github.com/alireza0/)

config/database.go

@@ -0,0 +1,251 @@
+package config
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+const (
+	DatabaseDriverSQLite   = "sqlite"
+	DatabaseDriverPostgres = "postgres"
+
+	DatabaseConfigSourceDefault = "default"
+	DatabaseConfigSourceFile    = "file"
+	DatabaseConfigSourceEnv     = "env"
+
+	DatabaseModeLocal    = "local"
+	DatabaseModeExternal = "external"
+)
+
+type SQLiteDatabaseConfig struct {
+	Path string `json:"path"`
+}
+
+type PostgresDatabaseConfig struct {
+	Mode           string `json:"mode"`
+	Host           string `json:"host"`
+	Port           int    `json:"port"`
+	DBName         string `json:"dbName"`
+	User           string `json:"user"`
+	Password       string `json:"password,omitempty"`
+	SSLMode        string `json:"sslMode"`
+	ManagedLocally bool   `json:"managedLocally"`
+}
+
+type DatabaseConfig struct {
+	Driver       string                 `json:"driver"`
+	ConfigSource string                 `json:"configSource,omitempty"`
+	SQLite       SQLiteDatabaseConfig   `json:"sqlite"`
+	Postgres     PostgresDatabaseConfig `json:"postgres"`
+}
+
+func DefaultDatabaseConfig() *DatabaseConfig {
+	name := GetName()
+	if name == "" {
+		name = "x-ui"
+	}
+	return (&DatabaseConfig{
+		Driver: DatabaseDriverSQLite,
+		SQLite: SQLiteDatabaseConfig{
+			Path: GetDBPath(),
+		},
+		Postgres: PostgresDatabaseConfig{
+			Mode:           DatabaseModeExternal,
+			Host:           "127.0.0.1",
+			Port:           5432,
+			DBName:         name,
+			User:           name,
+			SSLMode:        "disable",
+			ManagedLocally: false,
+		},
+	}).Normalize()
+}
+
+func (c *DatabaseConfig) Clone() *DatabaseConfig {
+	if c == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	cloned := *c
+	return &cloned
+}
+
+func (c *DatabaseConfig) Normalize() *DatabaseConfig {
+	if c == nil {
+		return DefaultDatabaseConfig()
+	}
+
+	if c.Driver == "" {
+		c.Driver = DatabaseDriverSQLite
+	}
+	c.Driver = strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(c.Driver))
+	if c.Driver != DatabaseDriverSQLite && c.Driver != DatabaseDriverPostgres {
+		c.Driver = DatabaseDriverSQLite
+	}
+
+	if c.SQLite.Path == "" {
+		c.SQLite.Path = GetDBPath()
+	}
+
+	c.Postgres.Mode = strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(c.Postgres.Mode))
+	if c.Postgres.Mode != DatabaseModeLocal && c.Postgres.Mode != DatabaseModeExternal {
+		if c.Postgres.ManagedLocally {
+			c.Postgres.Mode = DatabaseModeLocal
+		} else {
+			c.Postgres.Mode = DatabaseModeExternal
+		}
+	}
+	if c.Postgres.Host == "" {
+		c.Postgres.Host = "127.0.0.1"
+	}
+	if c.Postgres.Port <= 0 {
+		c.Postgres.Port = 5432
+	}
+	if c.Postgres.DBName == "" {
+		c.Postgres.DBName = GetName()
+	}
+	if c.Postgres.User == "" {
+		c.Postgres.User = GetName()
+	}
+	if c.Postgres.SSLMode == "" {
+		c.Postgres.SSLMode = "disable"
+	}
+	if c.Postgres.Mode == DatabaseModeLocal {
+		c.Postgres.ManagedLocally = true
+	}
+
+	return c
+}
+
+func (c *DatabaseConfig) UsesSQLite() bool {
+	return c != nil && c.Normalize().Driver == DatabaseDriverSQLite
+}
+
+func (c *DatabaseConfig) UsesPostgres() bool {
+	return c != nil && c.Normalize().Driver == DatabaseDriverPostgres
+}
+
+func HasDatabaseEnvOverride() bool {
+	driver := strings.TrimSpace(os.Getenv("XUI_DB_DRIVER"))
+	if driver != "" {
+		return true
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+func loadDatabaseConfigFromEnv() (*DatabaseConfig, error) {
+	driver := strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(os.Getenv("XUI_DB_DRIVER")))
+	if driver == "" {
+		return nil, errors.New("database env override is not configured")
+	}
+
+	cfg := DefaultDatabaseConfig()
+	cfg.ConfigSource = DatabaseConfigSourceEnv
+	cfg.Driver = driver
+
+	if path := strings.TrimSpace(os.Getenv("XUI_DB_PATH")); path != "" {
+		cfg.SQLite.Path = path
+	}
+
+	if mode := strings.TrimSpace(os.Getenv("XUI_DB_MODE")); mode != "" {
+		cfg.Postgres.Mode = mode
+	}
+	if host := strings.TrimSpace(os.Getenv("XUI_DB_HOST")); host != "" {
+		cfg.Postgres.Host = host
+	}
+	if portStr := strings.TrimSpace(os.Getenv("XUI_DB_PORT")); portStr != "" {
+		port, err := strconv.Atoi(portStr)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		cfg.Postgres.Port = port
+	}
+	if dbName := strings.TrimSpace(os.Getenv("XUI_DB_NAME")); dbName != "" {
+		cfg.Postgres.DBName = dbName
+	}
+	if user := strings.TrimSpace(os.Getenv("XUI_DB_USER")); user != "" {
+		cfg.Postgres.User = user
+	}
+	if password := os.Getenv("XUI_DB_PASSWORD"); password != "" {
+		cfg.Postgres.Password = password
+	}
+	if sslMode := strings.TrimSpace(os.Getenv("XUI_DB_SSLMODE")); sslMode != "" {
+		cfg.Postgres.SSLMode = sslMode
+	}
+	if managedLocally := strings.TrimSpace(os.Getenv("XUI_DB_MANAGED_LOCALLY")); managedLocally != "" {
+		value, err := strconv.ParseBool(managedLocally)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		cfg.Postgres.ManagedLocally = value
+	}
+
+	return cfg.Normalize(), nil
+}
+
+func GetDBConfigPath() string {
+	return filepath.Join(GetDBFolderPath(), "database.json")
+}
+
+func GetBackupFolderPath() string {
+	return filepath.Join(GetDBFolderPath(), "backups")
+}
+
+func GetPostgresManagerPath() string {
+	return filepath.Join(getBaseDir(), "postgres-manager.sh")
+}
+
+func LoadDatabaseConfig() (*DatabaseConfig, error) {
+	if HasDatabaseEnvOverride() {
+		return loadDatabaseConfigFromEnv()
+	}
+
+	configPath := GetDBConfigPath()
+	contents, err := os.ReadFile(configPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		if os.IsNotExist(err) {
+			cfg := DefaultDatabaseConfig()
+			cfg.ConfigSource = DatabaseConfigSourceDefault
+			return cfg, nil
+		}
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	cfg := DefaultDatabaseConfig()
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(contents, cfg); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	cfg.ConfigSource = DatabaseConfigSourceFile
+	return cfg.Normalize(), nil
+}
+
+func SaveDatabaseConfig(cfg *DatabaseConfig) error {
+	if HasDatabaseEnvOverride() {
+		return errors.New("database configuration is managed by environment variables")
+	}
+	if cfg == nil {
+		return errors.New("database configuration is nil")
+	}
+
+	normalized := cfg.Clone().Normalize()
+	normalized.ConfigSource = DatabaseConfigSourceFile
+
+	configPath := GetDBConfigPath()
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Dir(configPath), 0o755); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	data, err := json.MarshalIndent(normalized, "", "  ")
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	tempPath := configPath + ".tmp"
+	if err := os.WriteFile(tempPath, data, 0o600); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return os.Rename(tempPath, configPath)
+}

database/backup.go

@@ -0,0 +1,396 @@
+package database
+
+import (
+	"archive/zip"
+	"bytes"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/mhsanaei/3x-ui/v2/config"
+	"github.com/mhsanaei/3x-ui/v2/database/model"
+	"github.com/mhsanaei/3x-ui/v2/xray"
+
+	"gorm.io/gorm"
+)
+
+const PortableBackupFormatVersion = 1
+
+type BackupManifest struct {
+	FormatVersion  int    `json:"formatVersion"`
+	CreatedAt      string `json:"createdAt"`
+	SourceDriver   string `json:"sourceDriver"`
+	AppVersion     string `json:"appVersion"`
+	IncludesConfig bool   `json:"includesConfig"`
+}
+
+type BackupSnapshot struct {
+	Manifest         BackupManifest            `json:"manifest"`
+	Users            []model.User             `json:"users"`
+	Inbounds         []model.Inbound          `json:"inbounds"`
+	ClientTraffics   []xray.ClientTraffic     `json:"clientTraffics"`
+	OutboundTraffics []model.OutboundTraffics `json:"outboundTraffics"`
+	Settings         []model.Setting          `json:"settings"`
+	InboundClientIps []model.InboundClientIps `json:"inboundClientIps"`
+	HistoryOfSeeders []model.HistoryOfSeeders `json:"historyOfSeeders"`
+}
+
+func newBackupSnapshot(sourceDriver string) *BackupSnapshot {
+	return &BackupSnapshot{
+		Manifest: BackupManifest{
+			FormatVersion:  PortableBackupFormatVersion,
+			CreatedAt:      time.Now().UTC().Format(time.RFC3339),
+			SourceDriver:   sourceDriver,
+			AppVersion:     config.GetVersion(),
+			IncludesConfig: false,
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+func loadSnapshotRows(conn *gorm.DB, modelRef any, dest any) error {
+	if !conn.Migrator().HasTable(modelRef) {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return conn.Model(modelRef).Order("id ASC").Find(dest).Error
+}
+
+// ExportSnapshot extracts a logical snapshot from an arbitrary database connection.
+func ExportSnapshot(conn *gorm.DB, sourceDriver string) (*BackupSnapshot, error) {
+	snapshot := newBackupSnapshot(sourceDriver)
+
+	if err := loadSnapshotRows(conn, &model.User{}, &snapshot.Users); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if err := loadSnapshotRows(conn, &model.Inbound{}, &snapshot.Inbounds); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	for i := range snapshot.Inbounds {
+		snapshot.Inbounds[i].ClientStats = nil
+	}
+	if err := loadSnapshotRows(conn, &xray.ClientTraffic{}, &snapshot.ClientTraffics); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if err := loadSnapshotRows(conn, &model.OutboundTraffics{}, &snapshot.OutboundTraffics); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if err := loadSnapshotRows(conn, &model.Setting{}, &snapshot.Settings); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if err := loadSnapshotRows(conn, &model.InboundClientIps{}, &snapshot.InboundClientIps); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if err := loadSnapshotRows(conn, &model.HistoryOfSeeders{}, &snapshot.HistoryOfSeeders); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return snapshot, nil
+}
+
+// ExportCurrentSnapshot extracts a logical snapshot from the active database.
+func ExportCurrentSnapshot() (*BackupSnapshot, error) {
+	if db == nil {
+		return nil, errors.New("database is not initialized")
+	}
+	return ExportSnapshot(db, GetDriver())
+}
+
+// LoadSnapshotFromSQLiteFile extracts a logical snapshot from a legacy SQLite database file.
+func LoadSnapshotFromSQLiteFile(path string) (*BackupSnapshot, error) {
+	if err := ValidateSQLiteDB(path); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	cfg := config.DefaultDatabaseConfig()
+	cfg.Driver = config.DatabaseDriverSQLite
+	cfg.SQLite.Path = path
+	conn, err := OpenDatabase(cfg)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	defer CloseConnection(conn)
+	if err := MigrateModels(conn); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return ExportSnapshot(conn, config.DatabaseDriverSQLite)
+}
+
+// EncodePortableBackup serializes a logical snapshot into the portable .xui-backup format.
+func EncodePortableBackup(snapshot *BackupSnapshot) ([]byte, error) {
+	if snapshot == nil {
+		return nil, errors.New("backup snapshot is nil")
+	}
+
+	manifestBytes, err := json.MarshalIndent(snapshot.Manifest, "", "  ")
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	payload := struct {
+		Users            []model.User             `json:"users"`
+		Inbounds         []model.Inbound          `json:"inbounds"`
+		ClientTraffics   []xray.ClientTraffic     `json:"clientTraffics"`
+		OutboundTraffics []model.OutboundTraffics `json:"outboundTraffics"`
+		Settings         []model.Setting          `json:"settings"`
+		InboundClientIps []model.InboundClientIps `json:"inboundClientIps"`
+		HistoryOfSeeders []model.HistoryOfSeeders `json:"historyOfSeeders"`
+	}{
+		Users:            snapshot.Users,
+		Inbounds:         snapshot.Inbounds,
+		ClientTraffics:   snapshot.ClientTraffics,
+		OutboundTraffics: snapshot.OutboundTraffics,
+		Settings:         snapshot.Settings,
+		InboundClientIps: snapshot.InboundClientIps,
+		HistoryOfSeeders: snapshot.HistoryOfSeeders,
+	}
+
+	dataBytes, err := json.MarshalIndent(payload, "", "  ")
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	buffer := &bytes.Buffer{}
+	archive := zip.NewWriter(buffer)
+
+	manifestWriter, err := archive.Create("manifest.json")
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if _, err := manifestWriter.Write(manifestBytes); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	dataWriter, err := archive.Create("data.json")
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if _, err := dataWriter.Write(dataBytes); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	if err := archive.Close(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return buffer.Bytes(), nil
+}
+
+// EncodeCurrentPortableBackup serializes the active database into the portable backup format.
+func EncodeCurrentPortableBackup() ([]byte, error) {
+	snapshot, err := ExportCurrentSnapshot()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return EncodePortableBackup(snapshot)
+}
+
+// DecodePortableBackup parses a .xui-backup archive back into a logical snapshot.
+func DecodePortableBackup(data []byte) (*BackupSnapshot, error) {
+	reader, err := zip.NewReader(bytes.NewReader(data), int64(len(data)))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	files := make(map[string]*zip.File, len(reader.File))
+	for _, file := range reader.File {
+		files[file.Name] = file
+	}
+
+	manifestFile, ok := files["manifest.json"]
+	if !ok {
+		return nil, errors.New("portable backup is missing manifest.json")
+	}
+	dataFile, ok := files["data.json"]
+	if !ok {
+		return nil, errors.New("portable backup is missing data.json")
+	}
+
+	readZipFile := func(file *zip.File) ([]byte, error) {
+		rc, err := file.Open()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		defer rc.Close()
+		return io.ReadAll(rc)
+	}
+
+	manifestBytes, err := readZipFile(manifestFile)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	dataBytes, err := readZipFile(dataFile)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	snapshot := &BackupSnapshot{}
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(manifestBytes, &snapshot.Manifest); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if snapshot.Manifest.FormatVersion != PortableBackupFormatVersion {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unsupported backup format version: %d", snapshot.Manifest.FormatVersion)
+	}
+
+	payload := struct {
+		Users            []model.User             `json:"users"`
+		Inbounds         []model.Inbound          `json:"inbounds"`
+		ClientTraffics   []xray.ClientTraffic     `json:"clientTraffics"`
+		OutboundTraffics []model.OutboundTraffics `json:"outboundTraffics"`
+		Settings         []model.Setting          `json:"settings"`
+		InboundClientIps []model.InboundClientIps `json:"inboundClientIps"`
+		HistoryOfSeeders []model.HistoryOfSeeders `json:"historyOfSeeders"`
+	}{}
+
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(dataBytes, &payload); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	snapshot.Users = payload.Users
+	snapshot.Inbounds = payload.Inbounds
+	snapshot.ClientTraffics = payload.ClientTraffics
+	snapshot.OutboundTraffics = payload.OutboundTraffics
+	snapshot.Settings = payload.Settings
+	snapshot.InboundClientIps = payload.InboundClientIps
+	snapshot.HistoryOfSeeders = payload.HistoryOfSeeders
+	return snapshot, nil
+}
+
+func clearApplicationTables(tx *gorm.DB) error {
+	deleteAll := func(modelRef any) error {
+		return tx.Session(&gorm.Session{AllowGlobalUpdate: true}).Delete(modelRef).Error
+	}
+
+	if err := deleteAll(&xray.ClientTraffic{}); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if err := deleteAll(&model.OutboundTraffics{}); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if err := deleteAll(&model.InboundClientIps{}); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if err := deleteAll(&model.HistoryOfSeeders{}); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if err := deleteAll(&model.Setting{}); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if err := deleteAll(&model.Inbound{}); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if err := deleteAll(&model.User{}); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func resetPostgresSequence(tx *gorm.DB, tableName string) error {
+	var seq string
+	if err := tx.Raw("SELECT pg_get_serial_sequence(?, ?)", tableName, "id").Scan(&seq).Error; err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if seq == "" {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	var maxID int64
+	if err := tx.Raw(fmt.Sprintf("SELECT COALESCE(MAX(id), 0) FROM %s", tableName)).Scan(&maxID).Error; err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if maxID > 0 {
+		return tx.Exec("SELECT setval(CAST(? AS regclass), ?, true)", seq, maxID).Error
+	}
+	return tx.Exec("SELECT setval(CAST(? AS regclass), ?, false)", seq, 1).Error
+}
+
+func resetSequences(tx *gorm.DB) error {
+	if tx.Dialector.Name() != "postgres" {
+		return nil
+	}
+	tables := []string{
+		"users",
+		"inbounds",
+		"client_traffics",
+		"outbound_traffics",
+		"settings",
+		"inbound_client_ips",
+		"history_of_seeders",
+	}
+	for _, tableName := range tables {
+		if err := resetPostgresSequence(tx, tableName); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// ApplySnapshot fully replaces application data in the target database using a logical snapshot.
+func ApplySnapshot(conn *gorm.DB, snapshot *BackupSnapshot) error {
+	if conn == nil {
+		return errors.New("target database is nil")
+	}
+	if snapshot == nil {
+		return errors.New("backup snapshot is nil")
+	}
+	if err := MigrateModels(conn); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return conn.Transaction(func(tx *gorm.DB) error {
+		if err := clearApplicationTables(tx); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		for i := range snapshot.Inbounds {
+			snapshot.Inbounds[i].ClientStats = nil
+		}
+
+		if len(snapshot.Users) > 0 {
+			if err := tx.Create(&snapshot.Users).Error; err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+		}
+		if len(snapshot.Inbounds) > 0 {
+			if err := tx.Create(&snapshot.Inbounds).Error; err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+		}
+		if len(snapshot.ClientTraffics) > 0 {
+			if err := tx.Create(&snapshot.ClientTraffics).Error; err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+		}
+		if len(snapshot.OutboundTraffics) > 0 {
+			if err := tx.Create(&snapshot.OutboundTraffics).Error; err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+		}
+		if len(snapshot.Settings) > 0 {
+			if err := tx.Create(&snapshot.Settings).Error; err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+		}
+		if len(snapshot.InboundClientIps) > 0 {
+			if err := tx.Create(&snapshot.InboundClientIps).Error; err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+		}
+		if len(snapshot.HistoryOfSeeders) > 0 {
+			if err := tx.Create(&snapshot.HistoryOfSeeders).Error; err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+		}
+
+		return resetSequences(tx)
+	})
+}
+
+// SavePortableBackup writes a portable backup archive to disk.
+func SavePortableBackup(path string, data []byte) error {
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Dir(path), 0o755); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return os.WriteFile(path, data, 0o600)
+}

database/db.go

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 // Package database provides database initialization, migration, and management utilities
-// for the 3x-ui panel using GORM with SQLite.
+// for the 3x-ui panel using GORM with SQLite or PostgreSQL.
 package database
 
 import (
@@ -8,28 +8,119 @@ import (
 	"io"
 	"io/fs"
 	"log"
+	"net"
+	"net/url"
 	"os"
-	"path"
+	"path/filepath"
 	"slices"
+	"strconv"
+	"time"
 
 	"github.com/mhsanaei/3x-ui/v2/config"
 	"github.com/mhsanaei/3x-ui/v2/database/model"
 	"github.com/mhsanaei/3x-ui/v2/util/crypto"
 	"github.com/mhsanaei/3x-ui/v2/xray"
 
+	"gorm.io/driver/postgres"
 	"gorm.io/driver/sqlite"
 	"gorm.io/gorm"
-	"gorm.io/gorm/logger"
+	gormlogger "gorm.io/gorm/logger"
 )
 
-var db *gorm.DB
+var (
+	db       *gorm.DB
+	dbConfig *config.DatabaseConfig
+)
 
 const (
 	defaultUsername = "admin"
 	defaultPassword = "admin"
 )
 
-func initModels() error {
+func gormConfig() *gorm.Config {
+	var loggerImpl gormlogger.Interface
+	if config.IsDebug() {
+		loggerImpl = gormlogger.Default
+	} else {
+		loggerImpl = gormlogger.Discard
+	}
+	return &gorm.Config{Logger: loggerImpl}
+}
+
+func openSQLiteDatabase(path string) (*gorm.DB, error) {
+	dir := filepath.Dir(path)
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(dir, fs.ModePerm); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return gorm.Open(sqlite.Open(path), gormConfig())
+}
+
+func buildPostgresDSN(cfg *config.DatabaseConfig) string {
+	user := url.User(cfg.Postgres.User)
+	if cfg.Postgres.Password != "" {
+		user = url.UserPassword(cfg.Postgres.User, cfg.Postgres.Password)
+	}
+	authority := net.JoinHostPort(cfg.Postgres.Host, strconv.Itoa(cfg.Postgres.Port))
+	u := &url.URL{
+		Scheme: "postgres",
+		User:   user,
+		Host:   authority,
+		Path:   cfg.Postgres.DBName,
+	}
+	query := u.Query()
+	query.Set("sslmode", cfg.Postgres.SSLMode)
+	u.RawQuery = query.Encode()
+	return u.String()
+}
+
+func openPostgresDatabase(cfg *config.DatabaseConfig) (*gorm.DB, error) {
+	gormCfg := gormConfig()
+	gormCfg.PrepareStmt = true
+	conn, err := gorm.Open(postgres.Open(buildPostgresDSN(cfg)), gormCfg)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	sqlDB, err := conn.DB()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	sqlDB.SetMaxIdleConns(5)
+	sqlDB.SetMaxOpenConns(25)
+	sqlDB.SetConnMaxLifetime(30 * time.Minute)
+	sqlDB.SetConnMaxIdleTime(10 * time.Minute)
+	return conn, nil
+}
+
+// OpenDatabase opens a database connection from the provided runtime configuration.
+func OpenDatabase(cfg *config.DatabaseConfig) (*gorm.DB, error) {
+	if cfg == nil {
+		cfg = config.DefaultDatabaseConfig()
+	}
+	cfg = cfg.Clone().Normalize()
+
+	switch cfg.Driver {
+	case config.DatabaseDriverSQLite:
+		return openSQLiteDatabase(cfg.SQLite.Path)
+	case config.DatabaseDriverPostgres:
+		return openPostgresDatabase(cfg)
+	default:
+		return nil, errors.New("unsupported database driver: " + cfg.Driver)
+	}
+}
+
+// CloseConnection closes a standalone gorm connection.
+func CloseConnection(conn *gorm.DB) error {
+	if conn == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	sqlDB, err := conn.DB()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return sqlDB.Close()
+}
+
+func initModels(conn *gorm.DB) error {
 	models := []any{
 		&model.User{},
 		&model.Inbound{},
@@ -39,8 +130,8 @@ func initModels() error {
 		&xray.ClientTraffic{},
 		&model.HistoryOfSeeders{},
 	}
-	for _, model := range models {
-		if err := db.AutoMigrate(model); err != nil {
+	for _, item := range models {
+		if err := conn.AutoMigrate(item); err != nil {
 			log.Printf("Error auto migrating model: %v", err)
 			return err
 		}
@@ -48,33 +139,40 @@ func initModels() error {
 	return nil
 }
 
-// initUser creates a default admin user if the users table is empty.
-func initUser() error {
-	empty, err := isTableEmpty("users")
+func isTableEmpty(conn *gorm.DB, tableName string) (bool, error) {
+	if !conn.Migrator().HasTable(tableName) {
+		return true, nil
+	}
+	var count int64
+	err := conn.Table(tableName).Count(&count).Error
+	return count == 0, err
+}
+
+func initUser(conn *gorm.DB) error {
+	empty, err := isTableEmpty(conn, "users")
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Printf("Error checking if users table is empty: %v", err)
 		return err
 	}
-	if empty {
-		hashedPassword, err := crypto.HashPasswordAsBcrypt(defaultPassword)
-
-		if err != nil {
-			log.Printf("Error hashing default password: %v", err)
-			return err
-		}
-
-		user := &model.User{
-			Username: defaultUsername,
-			Password: hashedPassword,
-		}
-		return db.Create(user).Error
+	if !empty {
+		return nil
 	}
-	return nil
+
+	hashedPassword, err := crypto.HashPasswordAsBcrypt(defaultPassword)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Printf("Error hashing default password: %v", err)
+		return err
+	}
+
+	user := &model.User{
+		Username: defaultUsername,
+		Password: hashedPassword,
+	}
+	return conn.Create(user).Error
 }
 
-// runSeeders migrates user passwords to bcrypt and records seeder execution to prevent re-running.
-func runSeeders(isUsersEmpty bool) error {
-	empty, err := isTableEmpty("history_of_seeders")
+func runSeeders(conn *gorm.DB, isUsersEmpty bool) error {
+	empty, err := isTableEmpty(conn, "history_of_seeders")
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Printf("Error checking if users table is empty: %v", err)
 		return err
@@ -84,97 +182,184 @@ func runSeeders(isUsersEmpty bool) error {
 		hashSeeder := &model.HistoryOfSeeders{
 			SeederName: "UserPasswordHash",
 		}
-		return db.Create(hashSeeder).Error
-	} else {
-		var seedersHistory []string
-		db.Model(&model.HistoryOfSeeders{}).Pluck("seeder_name", &seedersHistory)
+		return conn.Create(hashSeeder).Error
+	}
 
-		if !slices.Contains(seedersHistory, "UserPasswordHash") && !isUsersEmpty {
-			var users []model.User
-			db.Find(&users)
+	var seedersHistory []string
+	if err := conn.Model(&model.HistoryOfSeeders{}).Pluck("seeder_name", &seedersHistory).Error; err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
 
-			for _, user := range users {
-				hashedPassword, err := crypto.HashPasswordAsBcrypt(user.Password)
-				if err != nil {
-					log.Printf("Error hashing password for user '%s': %v", user.Username, err)
-					return err
-				}
-				db.Model(&user).Update("password", hashedPassword)
-			}
+	if slices.Contains(seedersHistory, "UserPasswordHash") || isUsersEmpty {
+		return nil
+	}
 
-			hashSeeder := &model.HistoryOfSeeders{
-				SeederName: "UserPasswordHash",
-			}
-			return db.Create(hashSeeder).Error
+	var users []model.User
+	if err := conn.Find(&users).Error; err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	for _, user := range users {
+		hashedPassword, hashErr := crypto.HashPasswordAsBcrypt(user.Password)
+		if hashErr != nil {
+			log.Printf("Error hashing password for user '%s': %v", user.Username, hashErr)
+			return hashErr
+		}
+		if err := conn.Model(&user).Update("password", hashedPassword).Error; err != nil {
+			return err
 		}
 	}
 
-	return nil
+	hashSeeder := &model.HistoryOfSeeders{
+		SeederName: "UserPasswordHash",
+	}
+	return conn.Create(hashSeeder).Error
 }
 
-// isTableEmpty returns true if the named table contains zero rows.
-func isTableEmpty(tableName string) (bool, error) {
-	var count int64
-	err := db.Table(tableName).Count(&count).Error
-	return count == 0, err
+// MigrateModels migrates the database schema for all panel models.
+func MigrateModels(conn *gorm.DB) error {
+	return initModels(conn)
+}
+
+// PrepareDatabase migrates the schema and optionally seeds the database.
+func PrepareDatabase(conn *gorm.DB, seed bool) error {
+	if err := initModels(conn); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if !seed {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	isUsersEmpty, err := isTableEmpty(conn, "users")
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if err := initUser(conn); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return runSeeders(conn, isUsersEmpty)
+}
+
+// TestConnection verifies that the provided database configuration is reachable.
+func TestConnection(cfg *config.DatabaseConfig) error {
+	conn, err := OpenDatabase(cfg)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer CloseConnection(conn)
+
+	sqlDB, err := conn.DB()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return sqlDB.Ping()
 }
 
 // InitDB sets up the database connection, migrates models, and runs seeders.
-func InitDB(dbPath string) error {
-	dir := path.Dir(dbPath)
-	err := os.MkdirAll(dir, fs.ModePerm)
+func InitDB() error {
+	cfg, err := config.LoadDatabaseConfig()
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-
-	var gormLogger logger.Interface
-
-	if config.IsDebug() {
-		gormLogger = logger.Default
-	} else {
-		gormLogger = logger.Discard
-	}
-
-	c := &gorm.Config{
-		Logger: gormLogger,
-	}
-	db, err = gorm.Open(sqlite.Open(dbPath), c)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	if err := initModels(); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	isUsersEmpty, err := isTableEmpty("users")
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	if err := initUser(); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	return runSeeders(isUsersEmpty)
+	return InitDBWithConfig(cfg)
 }
 
-// CloseDB closes the database connection if it exists.
-func CloseDB() error {
-	if db != nil {
-		sqlDB, err := db.DB()
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		return sqlDB.Close()
+// InitDBWithConfig sets up the database using an explicit runtime config.
+func InitDBWithConfig(cfg *config.DatabaseConfig) error {
+	conn, err := OpenDatabase(cfg)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
 	}
+	if err := PrepareDatabase(conn, true); err != nil {
+		_ = CloseConnection(conn)
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if err := CloseDB(); err != nil {
+		_ = CloseConnection(conn)
+		return err
+	}
+
+	db = conn
+	dbConfig = cfg.Clone().Normalize()
 	return nil
 }
 
+// CloseDB closes the global database connection if it exists.
+func CloseDB() error {
+	if db == nil {
+		dbConfig = nil
+		return nil
+	}
+	err := CloseConnection(db)
+	db = nil
+	dbConfig = nil
+	return err
+}
+
 // GetDB returns the global GORM database instance.
 func GetDB() *gorm.DB {
 	return db
 }
 
+// GetDBConfig returns a copy of the active database runtime configuration.
+func GetDBConfig() *config.DatabaseConfig {
+	if dbConfig == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return dbConfig.Clone()
+}
+
+// GetDriver returns the active GORM dialector name.
+func GetDriver() string {
+	if db != nil && db.Dialector != nil {
+		return db.Dialector.Name()
+	}
+	if dbConfig != nil {
+		switch dbConfig.Driver {
+		case config.DatabaseDriverPostgres:
+			return "postgres"
+		case config.DatabaseDriverSQLite:
+			return "sqlite"
+		}
+	}
+	return ""
+}
+
+// IsSQLite reports whether the active database uses SQLite.
+func IsSQLite() bool {
+	return GetDriver() == "sqlite"
+}
+
+// IsPostgres reports whether the active database uses PostgreSQL.
+func IsPostgres() bool {
+	return GetDriver() == "postgres"
+}
+
+// IsDatabaseEmpty reports whether the provided database contains any application rows.
+func IsDatabaseEmpty(conn *gorm.DB) (bool, error) {
+	tables := []string{
+		"users",
+		"inbounds",
+		"outbound_traffics",
+		"settings",
+		"inbound_client_ips",
+		"client_traffics",
+		"history_of_seeders",
+	}
+	for _, table := range tables {
+		empty, err := isTableEmpty(conn, table)
+		if err != nil {
+			return false, err
+		}
+		if !empty {
+			return false, nil
+		}
+	}
+	return true, nil
+}
+
 // IsNotFound checks if the given error is a GORM record not found error.
 func IsNotFound(err error) bool {
 	return err == gorm.ErrRecordNotFound
@@ -193,22 +378,20 @@ func IsSQLiteDB(file io.ReaderAt) (bool, error) {
 
 // Checkpoint performs a WAL checkpoint on the SQLite database to ensure data consistency.
 func Checkpoint() error {
-	// Update WAL
-	err := db.Exec("PRAGMA wal_checkpoint;").Error
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
+	if !IsSQLite() || db == nil {
+		return nil
 	}
-	return nil
+	return db.Exec("PRAGMA wal_checkpoint;").Error
 }
 
 // ValidateSQLiteDB opens the provided sqlite DB path with a throw-away connection
 // and runs a PRAGMA integrity_check to ensure the file is structurally sound.
 // It does not mutate global state or run migrations.
 func ValidateSQLiteDB(dbPath string) error {
-	if _, err := os.Stat(dbPath); err != nil { // file must exist
+	if _, err := os.Stat(dbPath); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	gdb, err := gorm.Open(sqlite.Open(dbPath), &gorm.Config{Logger: logger.Discard})
+	gdb, err := gorm.Open(sqlite.Open(dbPath), &gorm.Config{Logger: gormlogger.Discard})
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -217,6 +400,7 @@ func ValidateSQLiteDB(dbPath string) error {
 		return err
 	}
 	defer sqlDB.Close()
+
 	var res string
 	if err := gdb.Raw("PRAGMA integrity_check;").Scan(&res).Error; err != nil {
 		return err

database/manager.go

@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+package database
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/mhsanaei/3x-ui/v2/config"
+)
+
+func configsEqual(a, b *config.DatabaseConfig) bool {
+	if a == nil || b == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	a = a.Clone().Normalize()
+	b = b.Clone().Normalize()
+	if a.Driver != b.Driver {
+		return false
+	}
+	if a.Driver == config.DatabaseDriverSQLite {
+		return a.SQLite.Path == b.SQLite.Path
+	}
+	return a.Postgres.Mode == b.Postgres.Mode &&
+		a.Postgres.Host == b.Postgres.Host &&
+		a.Postgres.Port == b.Postgres.Port &&
+		a.Postgres.DBName == b.Postgres.DBName &&
+		a.Postgres.User == b.Postgres.User &&
+		a.Postgres.Password == b.Postgres.Password &&
+		a.Postgres.SSLMode == b.Postgres.SSLMode &&
+		a.Postgres.ManagedLocally == b.Postgres.ManagedLocally
+}
+
+func loadSnapshotFromConfig(cfg *config.DatabaseConfig) (*BackupSnapshot, error) {
+	cfg = cfg.Clone().Normalize()
+	if cfg.UsesSQLite() {
+		if _, err := os.Stat(cfg.SQLite.Path); err != nil {
+			if os.IsNotExist(err) {
+				return newBackupSnapshot(cfg.Driver), nil
+			}
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	}
+
+	conn, err := OpenDatabase(cfg)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	defer CloseConnection(conn)
+	if err := MigrateModels(conn); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return ExportSnapshot(conn, cfg.Driver)
+}
+
+func saveSwitchBackup(snapshot *BackupSnapshot, prefix string) error {
+	if snapshot == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	data, err := EncodePortableBackup(snapshot)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	name := fmt.Sprintf("%s-%s.xui-backup", prefix, time.Now().UTC().Format("20060102-150405"))
+	return SavePortableBackup(filepath.Join(config.GetBackupFolderPath(), name), data)
+}
+
+// SwitchDatabase migrates panel data into a new backend and writes the new runtime configuration.
+func SwitchDatabase(target *config.DatabaseConfig) error {
+	if target == nil {
+		return errors.New("target database configuration is nil")
+	}
+	target = target.Clone().Normalize()
+
+	currentCfg, err := config.LoadDatabaseConfig()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if configsEqual(currentCfg, target) {
+		return config.SaveDatabaseConfig(target)
+	}
+
+	sourceSnapshot, err := loadSnapshotFromConfig(currentCfg)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if err := saveSwitchBackup(sourceSnapshot, "switch"); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if err := TestConnection(target); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	targetConn, err := OpenDatabase(target)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer CloseConnection(targetConn)
+
+	if err := MigrateModels(targetConn); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	isEmpty, err := IsDatabaseEmpty(targetConn)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if !isEmpty {
+		return errors.New("target database must be empty before switching")
+	}
+
+	if err := ApplySnapshot(targetConn, sourceSnapshot); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return config.SaveDatabaseConfig(target)
+}

docker-compose.yml

@@ -11,6 +11,31 @@ services:
     environment:
       XRAY_VMESS_AEAD_FORCED: "false"
       XUI_ENABLE_FAIL2BAN: "true"
+      # XUI_DB_DRIVER: "postgres"
+      # XUI_DB_MODE: "external"
+      # XUI_DB_HOST: "127.0.0.1"
+      # XUI_DB_PORT: "5432"
+      # XUI_DB_NAME: "xui"
+      # XUI_DB_USER: "xui"
+      # XUI_DB_PASSWORD: "change-me"
+      # XUI_DB_SSLMODE: "disable"
     tty: true
     network_mode: host
     restart: unless-stopped
+    depends_on:
+      - postgres
+  postgres:
+    image: postgres:17-alpine
+    container_name: 3xui_postgres
+    environment:
+      POSTGRES_DB: xui
+      POSTGRES_USER: xui
+      POSTGRES_PASSWORD: change-me
+    volumes:
+      - postgres_data:/var/lib/postgresql/data
+    ports:
+      - "5432:5432"
+    restart: unless-stopped
+
+volumes:
+  postgres_data:

go.mod

@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ require (
 	golang.org/x/sys v0.42.0
 	golang.org/x/text v0.35.0
 	google.golang.org/grpc v1.80.0
+	gorm.io/driver/postgres v1.6.0
 	gorm.io/driver/sqlite v1.6.0
 	gorm.io/gorm v1.31.1
 )
@@ -53,6 +54,10 @@ require (
 	github.com/gorilla/securecookie v1.1.2 // indirect
 	github.com/gorilla/sessions v1.4.0 // indirect
 	github.com/grbit/go-json v0.11.0 // indirect
+	github.com/jackc/pgpassfile v1.0.0 // indirect
+	github.com/jackc/pgservicefile v0.0.0-20240606120523-5a60cdf6a761 // indirect
+	github.com/jackc/pgx/v5 v5.6.0 // indirect
+	github.com/jackc/puddle/v2 v2.2.2 // indirect
 	github.com/jinzhu/inflection v1.0.0 // indirect
 	github.com/jinzhu/now v1.1.5 // indirect
 	github.com/json-iterator/go v1.1.12 // indirect

go.sum

@@ -85,6 +85,14 @@ github.com/grbit/go-json v0.11.0 h1:bAbyMdYrYl/OjYsSqLH99N2DyQ291mHy726Mx+sYrnc=
 github.com/grbit/go-json v0.11.0/go.mod h1:IYpHsdybQ386+6g3VE6AXQ3uTGa5mquBme5/ZWmtzek=
 github.com/hashicorp/go-uuid v1.0.3 h1:2gKiV6YVmrJ1i2CKKa9obLvRieoRGviZFL26PcT/Co8=
 github.com/hashicorp/go-uuid v1.0.3/go.mod h1:6SBZvOh/SIDV7/2o3Jml5SYk/TvGqwFJ/bN7x4byOro=
+github.com/jackc/pgpassfile v1.0.0 h1:/6Hmqy13Ss2zCq62VdNG8tM1wchn8zjSGOBJ6icpsIM=
+github.com/jackc/pgpassfile v1.0.0/go.mod h1:CEx0iS5ambNFdcRtxPj5JhEz+xB6uRky5eyVu/W2HEg=
+github.com/jackc/pgservicefile v0.0.0-20240606120523-5a60cdf6a761 h1:iCEnooe7UlwOQYpKFhBabPMi4aNAfoODPEFNiAnClxo=
+github.com/jackc/pgservicefile v0.0.0-20240606120523-5a60cdf6a761/go.mod h1:5TJZWKEWniPve33vlWYSoGYefn3gLQRzjfDlhSJ9ZKM=
+github.com/jackc/pgx/v5 v5.6.0 h1:SWJzexBzPL5jb0GEsrPMLIsi/3jOo7RHlzTjcAeDrPY=
+github.com/jackc/pgx/v5 v5.6.0/go.mod h1:DNZ/vlrUnhWCoFGxHAG8U2ljioxukquj7utPDgtQdTw=
+github.com/jackc/puddle/v2 v2.2.2 h1:PR8nw+E/1w0GLuRFSmiioY6UooMp6KJv0/61nB7icHo=
+github.com/jackc/puddle/v2 v2.2.2/go.mod h1:vriiEXHvEE654aYKXXjOvZM39qJ0q+azkZFrfEOc3H4=
 github.com/jcmturner/aescts/v2 v2.0.0 h1:9YKLH6ey7H4eDBXW8khjYslgyqG2xZikXP0EQFKrle8=
 github.com/jcmturner/aescts/v2 v2.0.0/go.mod h1:AiaICIRyfYg35RUkr8yESTqvSy7csK90qZ5xfvvsoNs=
 github.com/jcmturner/dnsutils/v2 v2.0.0 h1:lltnkeZGL0wILNvrNiVCR6Ro5PGU/SeBvVO/8c/iPbo=
@@ -169,6 +177,7 @@ github.com/stretchr/objx v0.4.0/go.mod h1:YvHI0jy2hoMjB+UWwv71VJQ9isScKT/TqJzVSS
 github.com/stretchr/objx v0.5.0/go.mod h1:Yh+to48EsGEfYuaHDzXPcE3xhTkx73EhmCGUpEOglKo=
 github.com/stretchr/objx v0.5.2/go.mod h1:FRsXN1f5AsAjCGJKqEizvkpNtU+EGNCLh3NxZ/8L+MA=
 github.com/stretchr/testify v1.3.0/go.mod h1:M5WIy9Dh21IEIfnGCwXGc5bZfKNJtfHm1UVUgZn+9EI=
+github.com/stretchr/testify v1.7.0/go.mod h1:6Fq8oRcR53rry900zMqJjRRixrwX3KX962/h/Wwjteg=
 github.com/stretchr/testify v1.7.1/go.mod h1:6Fq8oRcR53rry900zMqJjRRixrwX3KX962/h/Wwjteg=
 github.com/stretchr/testify v1.8.0/go.mod h1:yNjHg4UonilssWZ8iaSj1OCr/vHnekPRkoO+kdMU+MU=
 github.com/stretchr/testify v1.8.4/go.mod h1:sz/lmYIOXD/1dqDmKjjqLyZ2RngseejIcXlSw2iwfAo=
@@ -271,6 +280,8 @@ gopkg.in/yaml.v2 v2.4.0/go.mod h1:RDklbk79AGWmwhnvt/jBztapEOGDOx6ZbXqjP6csGnQ=
 gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.0-20200313102051-9f266ea9e77c/go.mod h1:K4uyk7z7BCEPqu6E+C64Yfv1cQ7kz7rIZviUmN+EgEM=
 gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1 h1:fxVm/GzAzEWqLHuvctI91KS9hhNmmWOoWu0XTYJS7CA=
 gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1/go.mod h1:K4uyk7z7BCEPqu6E+C64Yfv1cQ7kz7rIZviUmN+EgEM=
+gorm.io/driver/postgres v1.6.0 h1:2dxzU8xJ+ivvqTRph34QX+WrRaJlmfyPqXmoGVjMBa4=
+gorm.io/driver/postgres v1.6.0/go.mod h1:vUw0mrGgrTK+uPHEhAdV4sfFELrByKVGnaVRkXDhtWo=
 gorm.io/driver/sqlite v1.6.0 h1:WHRRrIiulaPiPFmDcod6prc4l2VGVWHz80KspNsxSfQ=
 gorm.io/driver/sqlite v1.6.0/go.mod h1:AO9V1qIQddBESngQUKWL9yoH93HIeA1X6V633rBwyT8=
 gorm.io/gorm v1.31.1 h1:7CA8FTFz/gRfgqgpeKIBcervUn3xSyPUmr6B2WXJ7kg=

install.sh

@@ -639,7 +639,121 @@ prompt_and_setup_ssl() {
     esac
 }
 
+configure_database_backend() {
+    local db_config_path="/etc/x-ui/database.json"
+    if [[ -f "${db_config_path}" ]] || compgen -G "/etc/x-ui/*.db" >/dev/null; then
+        echo -e "${green}Existing database configuration detected. Keeping current backend.${plain}"
+        return 0
+    fi
+
+    local db_choice=""
+    echo ""
+    echo -e "${green}═══════════════════════════════════════════${plain}"
+    echo -e "${green}          Database Backend Setup          ${plain}"
+    echo -e "${green}═══════════════════════════════════════════${plain}"
+    echo -e "${green}1.${plain} SQLite"
+    echo -e "${green}2.${plain} PostgreSQL"
+    read -rp "Choose database backend (default 1): " db_choice
+    db_choice="${db_choice// /}"
+
+    if [[ "${db_choice}" != "2" ]]; then
+        echo -e "${green}Using SQLite as the panel database backend.${plain}"
+        return 0
+    fi
+
+    local pg_mode=""
+    local pg_host="127.0.0.1"
+    local pg_port="5432"
+    local pg_db="xui"
+    local pg_user="xui"
+    local pg_password=""
+    local pg_sslmode="disable"
+
+    echo -e "${green}1.${plain} Local PostgreSQL"
+    echo -e "${green}2.${plain} External PostgreSQL"
+    read -rp "Choose PostgreSQL mode (default 1): " pg_mode
+    pg_mode="${pg_mode// /}"
+
+    if [[ "${pg_mode}" != "2" ]]; then
+        if [[ ! -x "${xui_folder}/postgres-manager.sh" ]]; then
+            echo -e "${red}postgres-manager.sh is missing from the installation package.${plain}"
+            exit 1
+        fi
+
+        local pg_status
+        pg_status=$(bash "${xui_folder}/postgres-manager.sh" status 2>/dev/null || true)
+        if [[ "${pg_status}" != *"installed=true"* ]]; then
+            local install_pg=""
+            read -rp "PostgreSQL is not installed. Install automatically now? [Y/n]: " install_pg
+            if [[ -z "${install_pg}" || "${install_pg}" == "y" || "${install_pg}" == "Y" ]]; then
+                bash "${xui_folder}/postgres-manager.sh" install
+            else
+                echo -e "${red}PostgreSQL installation was declined. Aborting PostgreSQL setup.${plain}"
+                exit 1
+            fi
+        fi
+
+        read -rp "PostgreSQL host [127.0.0.1]: " pg_host
+        pg_host="${pg_host:-127.0.0.1}"
+        read -rp "PostgreSQL port [5432]: " pg_port
+        pg_port="${pg_port:-5432}"
+        read -rp "PostgreSQL database name [xui]: " pg_db
+        pg_db="${pg_db:-xui}"
+        read -rp "PostgreSQL username [xui]: " pg_user
+        pg_user="${pg_user:-xui}"
+        read -rp "PostgreSQL password [random]: " pg_password
+        [[ -z "${pg_password}" ]] && pg_password=$(gen_random_string 18)
+
+        ${xui_folder}/x-ui database switch \
+            -driver postgres \
+            -postgres-mode local \
+            -postgres-host "${pg_host}" \
+            -postgres-port "${pg_port}" \
+            -postgres-db "${pg_db}" \
+            -postgres-user "${pg_user}" \
+            -postgres-password "${pg_password}" \
+            -postgres-local true
+    else
+        read -rp "External PostgreSQL host: " pg_host
+        if [[ -z "${pg_host}" ]]; then
+            echo -e "${red}PostgreSQL host is required.${plain}"
+            exit 1
+        fi
+        read -rp "External PostgreSQL port [5432]: " pg_port
+        pg_port="${pg_port:-5432}"
+        read -rp "Database name [xui]: " pg_db
+        pg_db="${pg_db:-xui}"
+        read -rp "Username [xui]: " pg_user
+        pg_user="${pg_user:-xui}"
+        read -rp "Password: " pg_password
+        if [[ -z "${pg_password}" ]]; then
+            echo -e "${red}PostgreSQL password is required for external connections.${plain}"
+            exit 1
+        fi
+        read -rp "SSL mode [disable]: " pg_sslmode
+        pg_sslmode="${pg_sslmode:-disable}"
+
+        ${xui_folder}/x-ui database switch \
+            -driver postgres \
+            -postgres-mode external \
+            -postgres-host "${pg_host}" \
+            -postgres-port "${pg_port}" \
+            -postgres-db "${pg_db}" \
+            -postgres-user "${pg_user}" \
+            -postgres-password "${pg_password}" \
+            -postgres-sslmode "${pg_sslmode}" \
+            -postgres-local false
+    fi
+
+    if [[ $? -ne 0 ]]; then
+        echo -e "${red}Failed to configure PostgreSQL backend.${plain}"
+        exit 1
+    fi
+    echo -e "${green}Database backend configured successfully.${plain}"
+}
+
 config_after_install() {
+    configure_database_backend
     local existing_hasDefaultCredential=$(${xui_folder}/x-ui setting -show true | grep -Eo 'hasDefaultCredential: .+' | awk '{print $2}')
     local existing_webBasePath=$(${xui_folder}/x-ui setting -show true | grep -Eo 'webBasePath: .+' | awk '{print $2}' | sed 's#^/##')
     local existing_port=$(${xui_folder}/x-ui setting -show true | grep -Eo 'port: .+' | awk '{print $2}')
@@ -822,6 +936,9 @@ install_x-ui() {
     cd x-ui
     chmod +x x-ui
     chmod +x x-ui.sh
+    if [[ -f postgres-manager.sh ]]; then
+        chmod +x postgres-manager.sh
+    fi
     
     # Check the system's architecture and rename the file accordingly
     if [[ $(arch) == "armv5" || $(arch) == "armv6" || $(arch) == "armv7" ]]; then

main.go

@@ -3,11 +3,13 @@
 package main
 
 import (
+	"encoding/json"
 	"flag"
 	"fmt"
 	"log"
 	"os"
 	"os/signal"
+	"path/filepath"
 	"syscall"
 	_ "unsafe"
 
@@ -18,6 +20,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/mhsanaei/3x-ui/v2/util/crypto"
 	"github.com/mhsanaei/3x-ui/v2/util/sys"
 	"github.com/mhsanaei/3x-ui/v2/web"
+	"github.com/mhsanaei/3x-ui/v2/web/entity"
 	"github.com/mhsanaei/3x-ui/v2/web/global"
 	"github.com/mhsanaei/3x-ui/v2/web/service"
 
@@ -46,7 +49,7 @@ func runWebServer() {
 
 	godotenv.Load()
 
-	err := database.InitDB(config.GetDBPath())
+	err := database.InitDB()
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Fatalf("Error initializing database: %v", err)
 	}
@@ -131,7 +134,7 @@ func runWebServer() {
 
 // resetSetting resets all panel settings to their default values.
 func resetSetting() {
-	err := database.InitDB(config.GetDBPath())
+	err := database.InitDB()
 	if err != nil {
 		fmt.Println("Failed to initialize database:", err)
 		return
@@ -154,11 +157,23 @@ func showSetting(show bool) {
 		if err != nil {
 			fmt.Println("get current port failed, error info:", err)
 		}
+		subPort, err := settingService.GetSubPort()
+		if err != nil {
+			fmt.Println("get current sub port failed, error info:", err)
+		}
 
 		webBasePath, err := settingService.GetBasePath()
 		if err != nil {
 			fmt.Println("get webBasePath failed, error info:", err)
 		}
+		listen, err := settingService.GetListen()
+		if err != nil {
+			fmt.Println("get current listen failed, error info:", err)
+		}
+		subListen, err := settingService.GetSubListen()
+		if err != nil {
+			fmt.Println("get current sub listen failed, error info:", err)
+		}
 
 		certFile, err := settingService.GetCertFile()
 		if err != nil {
@@ -192,6 +207,9 @@ func showSetting(show bool) {
 
 		fmt.Println("hasDefaultCredential:", hasDefaultCredential)
 		fmt.Println("port:", port)
+		fmt.Println("listen:", listen)
+		fmt.Println("subPort:", subPort)
+		fmt.Println("subListen:", subListen)
 		fmt.Println("webBasePath:", webBasePath)
 	}
 }
@@ -218,7 +236,7 @@ func updateTgbotEnableSts(status bool) {
 
 // updateTgbotSetting updates Telegram bot settings including token, chat ID, and runtime schedule.
 func updateTgbotSetting(tgBotToken string, tgBotChatid string, tgBotRuntime string) {
-	err := database.InitDB(config.GetDBPath())
+	err := database.InitDB()
 	if err != nil {
 		fmt.Println("Error initializing database:", err)
 		return
@@ -254,9 +272,9 @@ func updateTgbotSetting(tgBotToken string, tgBotChatid string, tgBotRuntime stri
 	}
 }
 
-// updateSetting updates various panel settings including port, credentials, base path, listen IP, and two-factor authentication.
-func updateSetting(port int, username string, password string, webBasePath string, listenIP string, resetTwoFactor bool) {
-	err := database.InitDB(config.GetDBPath())
+// updateSetting updates various panel settings including ports, credentials, base path, listen IPs, and two-factor authentication.
+func updateSetting(port int, subPort int, username string, password string, webBasePath string, listenIP string, subListenIP string, resetTwoFactor bool) {
+	err := database.InitDB()
 	if err != nil {
 		fmt.Println("Database initialization failed:", err)
 		return
@@ -308,14 +326,32 @@ func updateSetting(port int, username string, password string, webBasePath strin
 		if err != nil {
 			fmt.Println("Failed to set listen IP:", err)
 		} else {
-			fmt.Printf("listen %v set successfully", listenIP)
+			fmt.Printf("listen %v set successfully\n", listenIP)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if subPort > 0 {
+		err := settingService.SetSubPort(subPort)
+		if err != nil {
+			fmt.Println("Failed to set sub port:", err)
+		} else {
+			fmt.Printf("Sub port set successfully: %v\n", subPort)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if subListenIP != "" {
+		err := settingService.SetSubListen(subListenIP)
+		if err != nil {
+			fmt.Println("Failed to set sub listen IP:", err)
+		} else {
+			fmt.Printf("sub listen %v set successfully\n", subListenIP)
 		}
 	}
 }
 
 // updateCert updates the SSL certificate files for the panel.
 func updateCert(publicKey string, privateKey string) {
-	err := database.InitDB(config.GetDBPath())
+	err := database.InitDB()
 	if err != nil {
 		fmt.Println(err)
 		return
@@ -392,7 +428,7 @@ func GetListenIP(getListen bool) {
 func migrateDb() {
 	inboundService := service.InboundService{}
 
-	err := database.InitDB(config.GetDBPath())
+	err := database.InitDB()
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -401,6 +437,161 @@ func migrateDb() {
 	fmt.Println("Migration done!")
 }
 
+func defaultDatabaseSetting() *entity.DatabaseSetting {
+	databaseService := &service.DatabaseService{}
+	setting, err := databaseService.GetSetting()
+	if err == nil && setting != nil {
+		return setting
+	}
+	return entity.DatabaseSettingFromConfig(config.DefaultDatabaseConfig())
+}
+
+func addDatabaseFlags(fs *flag.FlagSet, setting *entity.DatabaseSetting) {
+	fs.StringVar(&setting.Driver, "driver", setting.Driver, "Database driver: sqlite or postgres")
+	fs.StringVar(&setting.SQLitePath, "sqlite-path", setting.SQLitePath, "SQLite database path")
+	fs.StringVar(&setting.PostgresMode, "postgres-mode", setting.PostgresMode, "PostgreSQL mode: local or external")
+	fs.StringVar(&setting.PostgresHost, "postgres-host", setting.PostgresHost, "PostgreSQL host")
+	fs.IntVar(&setting.PostgresPort, "postgres-port", setting.PostgresPort, "PostgreSQL port")
+	fs.StringVar(&setting.PostgresDBName, "postgres-db", setting.PostgresDBName, "PostgreSQL database name")
+	fs.StringVar(&setting.PostgresUser, "postgres-user", setting.PostgresUser, "PostgreSQL user")
+	fs.StringVar(&setting.PostgresPassword, "postgres-password", "", "PostgreSQL password")
+	fs.StringVar(&setting.PostgresSSLMode, "postgres-sslmode", setting.PostgresSSLMode, "PostgreSQL sslmode")
+	fs.BoolVar(&setting.ManagedLocally, "postgres-local", setting.ManagedLocally, "Treat PostgreSQL as locally managed")
+}
+
+func writeExportFile(outputPath string, defaultName string, data []byte) (string, error) {
+	targetPath := outputPath
+	if targetPath == "" {
+		targetPath = defaultName
+	} else if info, err := os.Stat(targetPath); err == nil && info.IsDir() {
+		targetPath = filepath.Join(targetPath, defaultName)
+	}
+
+	if err := os.WriteFile(targetPath, data, 0o600); err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	return targetPath, nil
+}
+
+func handleDatabaseCommand(args []string) {
+	if len(args) == 0 {
+		fmt.Println("Usage:")
+		fmt.Println("  x-ui database show")
+		fmt.Println("  x-ui database test [database flags]")
+		fmt.Println("  x-ui database switch [database flags]")
+		fmt.Println("  x-ui database export -type portable|sqlite [-out path]")
+		fmt.Println("  x-ui database import -file backup.xui-backup")
+		fmt.Println("  x-ui database install-postgres")
+		return
+	}
+
+	databaseService := service.DatabaseService{}
+
+	switch args[0] {
+	case "show":
+		setting, err := databaseService.GetSetting()
+		if err != nil {
+			fmt.Println("Failed to load database settings:", err)
+			return
+		}
+		contents, err := json.MarshalIndent(setting, "", "  ")
+		if err != nil {
+			fmt.Println("Failed to serialize database settings:", err)
+			return
+		}
+		fmt.Println(string(contents))
+	case "test":
+		setting := defaultDatabaseSetting()
+		testCmd := flag.NewFlagSet("database test", flag.ExitOnError)
+		addDatabaseFlags(testCmd, setting)
+		_ = testCmd.Parse(args[1:])
+		if err := databaseService.TestSetting(setting); err != nil {
+			fmt.Println("Database connection test failed:", err)
+			return
+		}
+		fmt.Println("Database connection test succeeded.")
+	case "switch":
+		setting := defaultDatabaseSetting()
+		switchCmd := flag.NewFlagSet("database switch", flag.ExitOnError)
+		addDatabaseFlags(switchCmd, setting)
+		_ = switchCmd.Parse(args[1:])
+		if err := databaseService.SwitchDatabase(setting); err != nil {
+			fmt.Println("Database switch failed:", err)
+			return
+		}
+		fmt.Println("Database configuration updated. Restart the panel service to apply changes.")
+	case "export":
+		exportCmd := flag.NewFlagSet("database export", flag.ExitOnError)
+		exportType := exportCmd.String("type", "portable", "Export type: portable or sqlite")
+		outputPath := exportCmd.String("out", "", "Output path or directory")
+		_ = exportCmd.Parse(args[1:])
+
+		if err := database.InitDB(); err != nil {
+			fmt.Println("Failed to initialize database:", err)
+			return
+		}
+
+		var (
+			data     []byte
+			filename string
+			err      error
+		)
+		switch *exportType {
+		case "sqlite":
+			data, filename, err = databaseService.ExportNativeSQLite()
+		default:
+			data, filename, err = databaseService.ExportPortableBackup()
+		}
+		if err != nil {
+			fmt.Println("Export failed:", err)
+			return
+		}
+
+		targetPath, err := writeExportFile(*outputPath, filename, data)
+		if err != nil {
+			fmt.Println("Failed to write backup:", err)
+			return
+		}
+		fmt.Println("Backup exported to:", targetPath)
+	case "import":
+		importCmd := flag.NewFlagSet("database import", flag.ExitOnError)
+		backupFile := importCmd.String("file", "", "Path to .xui-backup or legacy SQLite .db file")
+		_ = importCmd.Parse(args[1:])
+		if *backupFile == "" {
+			fmt.Println("Import requires -file")
+			return
+		}
+
+		if err := database.InitDB(); err != nil {
+			fmt.Println("Failed to initialize database:", err)
+			return
+		}
+
+		file, err := os.Open(*backupFile)
+		if err != nil {
+			fmt.Println("Failed to open backup file:", err)
+			return
+		}
+		defer file.Close()
+
+		backupType, err := databaseService.ImportBackup(file)
+		if err != nil {
+			fmt.Println("Import failed:", err)
+			return
+		}
+		fmt.Println("Import completed using", backupType, "backup. Restart the panel service to apply changes.")
+	case "install-postgres":
+		output, err := databaseService.InstallLocalPostgres()
+		if err != nil {
+			fmt.Println("PostgreSQL installation failed:", err)
+			return
+		}
+		fmt.Print(output)
+	default:
+		fmt.Println("Unknown database subcommand:", args[0])
+	}
+}
+
 // main is the entry point of the 3x-ui application.
 // It parses command-line arguments to run the web server, migrate database, or update settings.
 func main() {
@@ -416,10 +607,12 @@ func main() {
 
 	settingCmd := flag.NewFlagSet("setting", flag.ExitOnError)
 	var port int
+	var subPort int
 	var username string
 	var password string
 	var webBasePath string
 	var listenIP string
+	var subListenIP string
 	var getListen bool
 	var webCertFile string
 	var webKeyFile string
@@ -434,10 +627,12 @@ func main() {
 	settingCmd.BoolVar(&reset, "reset", false, "Reset all settings")
 	settingCmd.BoolVar(&show, "show", false, "Display current settings")
 	settingCmd.IntVar(&port, "port", 0, "Set panel port number")
+	settingCmd.IntVar(&subPort, "subPort", 0, "Set subscription port number")
 	settingCmd.StringVar(&username, "username", "", "Set login username")
 	settingCmd.StringVar(&password, "password", "", "Set login password")
 	settingCmd.StringVar(&webBasePath, "webBasePath", "", "Set base path for Panel")
 	settingCmd.StringVar(&listenIP, "listenIP", "", "set panel listenIP IP")
+	settingCmd.StringVar(&subListenIP, "subListenIP", "", "set subscription listenIP IP")
 	settingCmd.BoolVar(&resetTwoFactor, "resetTwoFactor", false, "Reset two-factor authentication settings")
 	settingCmd.BoolVar(&getListen, "getListen", false, "Display current panel listenIP IP")
 	settingCmd.BoolVar(&getCert, "getCert", false, "Display current certificate settings")
@@ -456,6 +651,7 @@ func main() {
 		fmt.Println("    run            run web panel")
 		fmt.Println("    migrate        migrate form other/old x-ui")
 		fmt.Println("    setting        set settings")
+		fmt.Println("    database       manage database backend")
 	}
 
 	flag.Parse()
@@ -483,7 +679,7 @@ func main() {
 		if reset {
 			resetSetting()
 		} else {
-			updateSetting(port, username, password, webBasePath, listenIP, resetTwoFactor)
+			updateSetting(port, subPort, username, password, webBasePath, listenIP, subListenIP, resetTwoFactor)
 		}
 		if show {
 			showSetting(show)
@@ -511,6 +707,8 @@ func main() {
 		} else {
 			updateCert(webCertFile, webKeyFile)
 		}
+	case "database":
+		handleDatabaseCommand(os.Args[2:])
 	default:
 		fmt.Println("Invalid subcommands")
 		fmt.Println()

postgres-manager.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,271 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+set -euo pipefail
+
+release=""
+version_id=""
+
+load_os() {
+    if [[ -f /etc/os-release ]]; then
+        source /etc/os-release
+        release="${ID:-}"
+        version_id="${VERSION_ID:-}"
+        return
+    fi
+    if [[ -f /usr/lib/os-release ]]; then
+        source /usr/lib/os-release
+        release="${ID:-}"
+        version_id="${VERSION_ID:-}"
+        return
+    fi
+    release="unknown"
+    version_id=""
+}
+
+load_os
+
+service_name() {
+    echo "postgresql"
+}
+
+data_dir() {
+    case "${release}" in
+        arch|manjaro|parch)
+            echo "/var/lib/postgres/data"
+            ;;
+        alpine)
+            echo "/var/lib/postgresql/data"
+            ;;
+        centos|fedora|rhel|rocky|almalinux|ol|amzn|virtuozzo)
+            echo "/var/lib/pgsql/data"
+            ;;
+        *)
+            echo "/var/lib/postgresql/data"
+            ;;
+    esac
+}
+
+require_root() {
+    if [[ "${EUID}" -ne 0 ]]; then
+        echo "This command requires root privileges" >&2
+        exit 1
+    fi
+}
+
+is_installed() {
+    command -v psql >/dev/null 2>&1
+}
+
+is_running() {
+    local service
+    service="$(service_name)"
+    if command -v systemctl >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+        systemctl is-active --quiet "${service}" && return 0 || return 1
+    fi
+    if command -v rc-service >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+        rc-service "${service}" status >/dev/null 2>&1 && return 0 || return 1
+    fi
+    return 1
+}
+
+start_service() {
+    local service
+    service="$(service_name)"
+    if command -v systemctl >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+        systemctl daemon-reload >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
+        systemctl enable "${service}" >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
+        systemctl start "${service}"
+        return
+    fi
+    if command -v rc-service >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+        rc-update add "${service}" >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
+        rc-service "${service}" start
+        return
+    fi
+    echo "No supported service manager found" >&2
+    exit 1
+}
+
+run_as_postgres() {
+    if command -v runuser >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+        runuser -u postgres -- "$@"
+        return
+    fi
+    local quoted=""
+    for arg in "$@"; do
+        quoted+=" $(printf "%q" "$arg")"
+    done
+    su - postgres -c "${quoted# }"
+}
+
+escape_sql_ident() {
+    local value="$1"
+    value="${value//\"/\"\"}"
+    printf '%s' "${value}"
+}
+
+escape_sql_literal() {
+    local value="$1"
+    value="${value//\'/\'\'}"
+    printf '%s' "${value}"
+}
+
+install_packages() {
+    require_root
+    case "${release}" in
+        ubuntu|debian|armbian)
+            apt-get update
+            DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y postgresql postgresql-client
+            ;;
+        fedora|rhel|rocky|almalinux|ol|amzn|virtuozzo)
+            dnf -y install postgresql-server postgresql
+            ;;
+        centos)
+            if [[ "${version_id}" =~ ^7 ]]; then
+                yum -y install postgresql-server postgresql
+            else
+                dnf -y install postgresql-server postgresql
+            fi
+            ;;
+        arch|manjaro|parch)
+            pacman -Syu --noconfirm postgresql
+            ;;
+        alpine)
+            apk add --no-cache postgresql postgresql-client
+            ;;
+        *)
+            echo "Unsupported OS for automatic PostgreSQL installation: ${release}" >&2
+            exit 1
+            ;;
+    esac
+}
+
+init_local() {
+    require_root
+    local pg_data
+    pg_data="$(data_dir)"
+
+    if ! is_installed; then
+        install_packages
+    fi
+
+    case "${release}" in
+        fedora|rhel|rocky|almalinux|ol|amzn|virtuozzo|centos)
+            if [[ ! -f "${pg_data}/PG_VERSION" ]]; then
+                if command -v postgresql-setup >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+                    postgresql-setup --initdb
+                elif [[ -x /usr/bin/postgresql-setup ]]; then
+                    /usr/bin/postgresql-setup --initdb
+                fi
+            fi
+            ;;
+        arch|manjaro|parch|alpine)
+            mkdir -p "${pg_data}"
+            chown -R postgres:postgres "$(dirname "${pg_data}")" "${pg_data}" >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
+            if [[ ! -f "${pg_data}/PG_VERSION" ]]; then
+                run_as_postgres initdb -D "${pg_data}"
+            fi
+            ;;
+        *)
+            ;;
+    esac
+
+    start_service
+}
+
+create_db_user() {
+    require_root
+    local db_user=""
+    local db_password=""
+    local db_name=""
+
+    while [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; do
+        case "$1" in
+            --user)
+                db_user="$2"
+                shift 2
+                ;;
+            --password)
+                db_password="$2"
+                shift 2
+                ;;
+            --db)
+                db_name="$2"
+                shift 2
+                ;;
+            *)
+                echo "Unknown argument: $1" >&2
+                exit 1
+                ;;
+        esac
+    done
+
+    if [[ -z "${db_user}" || -z "${db_name}" ]]; then
+        echo "Both --user and --db are required" >&2
+        exit 1
+    fi
+
+    init_local
+
+    local safe_user safe_password safe_db
+    safe_user="$(escape_sql_ident "${db_user}")"
+    safe_password="$(escape_sql_literal "${db_password}")"
+    safe_db="$(escape_sql_ident "${db_name}")"
+
+    if [[ -z "$(run_as_postgres psql -tAc "SELECT 1 FROM pg_roles WHERE rolname='$(escape_sql_literal "${db_user}")'")" ]]; then
+        if [[ -n "${db_password}" ]]; then
+            run_as_postgres psql -v ON_ERROR_STOP=1 -c "CREATE ROLE \"${safe_user}\" LOGIN PASSWORD '${safe_password}';"
+        else
+            run_as_postgres psql -v ON_ERROR_STOP=1 -c "CREATE ROLE \"${safe_user}\" LOGIN;"
+        fi
+    elif [[ -n "${db_password}" ]]; then
+        run_as_postgres psql -v ON_ERROR_STOP=1 -c "ALTER ROLE \"${safe_user}\" WITH PASSWORD '${safe_password}';"
+    fi
+
+    if [[ -z "$(run_as_postgres psql -tAc "SELECT 1 FROM pg_database WHERE datname='$(escape_sql_literal "${db_name}")'")" ]]; then
+        run_as_postgres psql -v ON_ERROR_STOP=1 -c "CREATE DATABASE \"${safe_db}\" OWNER \"${safe_user}\";"
+    fi
+}
+
+show_status() {
+    if is_installed; then
+        echo "installed=true"
+    else
+        echo "installed=false"
+    fi
+    if is_running; then
+        echo "running=true"
+    else
+        echo "running=false"
+    fi
+    echo "service=$(service_name)"
+    echo "data_dir=$(data_dir)"
+}
+
+command="${1:-status}"
+if [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; then
+    shift
+fi
+
+case "${command}" in
+    status)
+        show_status
+        ;;
+    install)
+        install_packages
+        init_local
+        show_status
+        ;;
+    init-local)
+        init_local
+        show_status
+        ;;
+    create-db-user)
+        create_db_user "$@"
+        show_status
+        ;;
+    *)
+        echo "Unsupported command: ${command}" >&2
+        exit 1
+        ;;
+esac

sub/subService.go

@@ -114,18 +114,29 @@ func (s *SubService) GetSubs(subId string, host string) ([]string, int64, xray.C
 
 func (s *SubService) getInboundsBySubId(subId string) ([]*model.Inbound, error) {
 	db := database.GetDB()
-	var inbounds []*model.Inbound
-	err := db.Model(model.Inbound{}).Preload("ClientStats").Where(`id in (
-		SELECT DISTINCT inbounds.id
-		FROM inbounds,
-			JSON_EACH(JSON_EXTRACT(inbounds.settings, '$.clients')) AS client 
-		WHERE
-			protocol in ('vmess','vless','trojan','shadowsocks')
-			AND JSON_EXTRACT(client.value, '$.subId') = ? AND enable = ?
-	)`, subId, true).Find(&inbounds).Error
+	var candidates []*model.Inbound
+	err := db.Model(model.Inbound{}).
+		Preload("ClientStats").
+		Where("protocol IN ?", []string{"vmess", "vless", "trojan", "shadowsocks"}).
+		Where("enable = ?", true).
+		Find(&candidates).Error
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
+
+	inbounds := make([]*model.Inbound, 0)
+	for _, inbound := range candidates {
+		clients, clientsErr := s.inboundService.GetClients(inbound)
+		if clientsErr != nil {
+			return nil, clientsErr
+		}
+		for _, client := range clients {
+			if client.SubID == subId {
+				inbounds = append(inbounds, inbound)
+				break
+			}
+		}
+	}
 	return inbounds, nil
 }
 
@@ -140,15 +151,42 @@ func (s *SubService) getClientTraffics(traffics []xray.ClientTraffic, email stri
 
 func (s *SubService) getFallbackMaster(dest string, streamSettings string) (string, int, string, error) {
 	db := database.GetDB()
-	var inbound *model.Inbound
-	err := db.Model(model.Inbound{}).
-		Where("JSON_TYPE(settings, '$.fallbacks') = 'array'").
-		Where("EXISTS (SELECT * FROM json_each(settings, '$.fallbacks') WHERE json_extract(value, '$.dest') = ?)", dest).
-		Find(&inbound).Error
+	var inbounds []model.Inbound
+	err := db.Model(model.Inbound{}).Find(&inbounds).Error
 	if err != nil {
 		return "", 0, "", err
 	}
 
+	var inbound *model.Inbound
+	for i := range inbounds {
+		settings := map[string]any{}
+		if json.Unmarshal([]byte(inbounds[i].Settings), &settings) != nil {
+			continue
+		}
+		fallbacks, ok := settings["fallbacks"].([]any)
+		if !ok {
+			continue
+		}
+		found := false
+		for _, fallback := range fallbacks {
+			fallbackMap, ok := fallback.(map[string]any)
+			if !ok {
+				continue
+			}
+			if fallbackDest, ok := fallbackMap["dest"].(string); ok && fallbackDest == dest {
+				found = true
+				break
+			}
+		}
+		if found {
+			inbound = &inbounds[i]
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	if inbound == nil {
+		return "", 0, "", fmt.Errorf("fallback master not found")
+	}
+
 	var stream map[string]any
 	json.Unmarshal([]byte(streamSettings), &stream)
 	var masterStream map[string]any

update.sh

@@ -822,6 +822,9 @@ update_x-ui() {
     rm x-ui-linux-$(arch).tar.gz -f >/dev/null 2>&1
     cd x-ui >/dev/null 2>&1
     chmod +x x-ui >/dev/null 2>&1
+    if [[ -f postgres-manager.sh ]]; then
+        chmod +x postgres-manager.sh >/dev/null 2>&1
+    fi
     
     # Check the system's architecture and rename the file accordingly
     if [[ $(arch) == "armv5" || $(arch) == "armv6" || $(arch) == "armv7" ]]; then

web/assets/js/model/setting.js

@@ -86,4 +86,35 @@ class AllSetting {
     equals(other) {
         return ObjectUtil.equals(this, other);
     }
-}
+}
+
+class DatabaseSetting {
+
+    constructor(data) {
+        this.driver = "sqlite";
+        this.configSource = "default";
+        this.readOnly = false;
+        this.sqlitePath = "";
+        this.postgresMode = "external";
+        this.postgresHost = "127.0.0.1";
+        this.postgresPort = 5432;
+        this.postgresDBName = "";
+        this.postgresUser = "";
+        this.postgresPassword = "";
+        this.postgresPasswordSet = false;
+        this.postgresSSLMode = "disable";
+        this.managedLocally = false;
+        this.localInstalled = false;
+        this.canInstallLocally = false;
+        this.nativeSQLiteExportAvailable = true;
+
+        if (data == null) {
+            return;
+        }
+        ObjectUtil.cloneProps(this, data);
+    }
+
+    equals(other) {
+        return ObjectUtil.equals(this, other);
+    }
+}

web/controller/server.go

@@ -20,8 +20,9 @@ var filenameRegex = regexp.MustCompile(`^[a-zA-Z0-9_\-.]+$`)
 type ServerController struct {
 	BaseController
 
-	serverService  service.ServerService
-	settingService service.SettingService
+	serverService   service.ServerService
+	settingService  service.SettingService
+	databaseService service.DatabaseService
 
 	lastStatus *service.Status
 
@@ -253,14 +254,27 @@ func (a *ServerController) getConfigJson(c *gin.Context) {
 
 // getDb downloads the database file.
 func (a *ServerController) getDb(c *gin.Context) {
-	db, err := a.serverService.GetDb()
+	exportType := c.Query("type")
+	if exportType == "" {
+		exportType = "portable"
+	}
+
+	var (
+		data     []byte
+		filename string
+		err      error
+	)
+	switch exportType {
+	case "sqlite":
+		data, filename, err = a.databaseService.ExportNativeSQLite()
+	default:
+		data, filename, err = a.databaseService.ExportPortableBackup()
+	}
 	if err != nil {
 		jsonMsg(c, I18nWeb(c, "pages.index.getDatabaseError"), err)
 		return
 	}
 
-	filename := "x-ui.db"
-
 	if !isValidFilename(filename) {
 		c.AbortWithError(http.StatusBadRequest, fmt.Errorf("invalid filename"))
 		return
@@ -271,7 +285,7 @@ func (a *ServerController) getDb(c *gin.Context) {
 	c.Header("Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename="+filename)
 
 	// Write the file contents to the response
-	c.Writer.Write(db)
+	c.Writer.Write(data)
 }
 
 func isValidFilename(filename string) bool {
@@ -284,15 +298,14 @@ func (a *ServerController) importDB(c *gin.Context) {
 	// Get the file from the request body
 	file, _, err := c.Request.FormFile("db")
 	if err != nil {
-		jsonMsg(c, I18nWeb(c, "pages.index.readDatabaseError"), err)
-		return
+		file, _, err = c.Request.FormFile("backup")
+		if err != nil {
+			jsonMsg(c, I18nWeb(c, "pages.index.readDatabaseError"), err)
+			return
+		}
 	}
 	defer file.Close()
-	// Always restart Xray before return
-	defer a.serverService.RestartXrayService()
-	// lastGetStatusTime removed; no longer needed
-	// Import it
-	err = a.serverService.ImportDB(file)
+	_, err = a.databaseService.ImportBackup(file)
 	if err != nil {
 		jsonMsg(c, I18nWeb(c, "pages.index.importDatabaseError"), err)
 		return

web/controller/setting.go

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package controller
 
 import (
 	"errors"
+	"net/http"
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/mhsanaei/3x-ui/v2/util/crypto"
@@ -25,6 +26,7 @@ type SettingController struct {
 	settingService service.SettingService
 	userService    service.UserService
 	panelService   service.PanelService
+	databaseService service.DatabaseService
 }
 
 // NewSettingController creates a new SettingController and initializes its routes.
@@ -44,6 +46,15 @@ func (a *SettingController) initRouter(g *gin.RouterGroup) {
 	g.POST("/updateUser", a.updateUser)
 	g.POST("/restartPanel", a.restartPanel)
 	g.GET("/getDefaultJsonConfig", a.getDefaultXrayConfig)
+
+	database := g.Group("/database")
+	database.POST("/get", a.getDatabaseSetting)
+	database.POST("/test", a.testDatabaseSetting)
+	database.POST("/install-postgres", a.installLocalPostgres)
+	database.POST("/switch", a.switchDatabase)
+	database.POST("/export", a.exportDatabase)
+	database.GET("/export", a.exportDatabase)
+	database.POST("/import", a.importDatabase)
 }
 
 // getAllSetting retrieves all current settings.
@@ -119,3 +130,97 @@ func (a *SettingController) getDefaultXrayConfig(c *gin.Context) {
 	}
 	jsonObj(c, defaultJsonConfig, nil)
 }
+
+func (a *SettingController) getDatabaseSetting(c *gin.Context) {
+	setting, err := a.databaseService.GetSetting()
+	if err != nil {
+		jsonMsg(c, "Failed to load database settings", err)
+		return
+	}
+	jsonObj(c, setting, nil)
+}
+
+func (a *SettingController) testDatabaseSetting(c *gin.Context) {
+	setting := &entity.DatabaseSetting{}
+	if err := c.ShouldBind(setting); err != nil {
+		jsonMsg(c, "Failed to parse database settings", err)
+		return
+	}
+	if err := a.databaseService.TestSetting(setting); err != nil {
+		jsonMsg(c, "Connection test failed", err)
+		return
+	}
+	jsonMsg(c, "Database connection test succeeded", nil)
+}
+
+func (a *SettingController) installLocalPostgres(c *gin.Context) {
+	output, err := a.databaseService.InstallLocalPostgres()
+	if err != nil {
+		jsonMsg(c, "Failed to install PostgreSQL", err)
+		return
+	}
+	jsonObj(c, output, nil)
+}
+
+func (a *SettingController) switchDatabase(c *gin.Context) {
+	setting := &entity.DatabaseSetting{}
+	if err := c.ShouldBind(setting); err != nil {
+		jsonMsg(c, "Failed to parse database settings", err)
+		return
+	}
+	err := a.databaseService.SwitchDatabase(setting)
+	if err == nil {
+		err = a.panelService.RestartPanel(3 * time.Second)
+	}
+	jsonMsg(c, "Database switch scheduled", err)
+}
+
+func (a *SettingController) exportDatabase(c *gin.Context) {
+	exportType := c.Query("type")
+	if exportType == "" {
+		exportType = c.PostForm("type")
+	}
+	if exportType == "" {
+		exportType = "portable"
+	}
+
+	var (
+		data     []byte
+		filename string
+		err      error
+	)
+
+	switch exportType {
+	case "sqlite":
+		data, filename, err = a.databaseService.ExportNativeSQLite()
+	default:
+		data, filename, err = a.databaseService.ExportPortableBackup()
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		jsonMsg(c, "Failed to export database", err)
+		return
+	}
+
+	c.Header("Content-Type", "application/octet-stream")
+	c.Header("Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename="+filename)
+	c.Data(http.StatusOK, "application/octet-stream", data)
+}
+
+func (a *SettingController) importDatabase(c *gin.Context) {
+	file, _, err := c.Request.FormFile("backup")
+	if err != nil {
+		jsonMsg(c, "Failed to read uploaded backup", err)
+		return
+	}
+	defer file.Close()
+
+	backupType, err := a.databaseService.ImportBackup(file)
+	if err == nil {
+		err = a.panelService.RestartPanel(3 * time.Second)
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		jsonMsg(c, "Failed to import database backup", err)
+		return
+	}
+	jsonObj(c, backupType, nil)
+}

web/entity/database.go

@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+package entity
+
+import (
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/mhsanaei/3x-ui/v2/config"
+)
+
+type DatabaseSetting struct {
+	Driver                      string `json:"driver" form:"driver"`
+	ConfigSource                string `json:"configSource" form:"configSource"`
+	ReadOnly                    bool   `json:"readOnly" form:"readOnly"`
+	SQLitePath                  string `json:"sqlitePath" form:"sqlitePath"`
+	PostgresMode                string `json:"postgresMode" form:"postgresMode"`
+	PostgresHost                string `json:"postgresHost" form:"postgresHost"`
+	PostgresPort                int    `json:"postgresPort" form:"postgresPort"`
+	PostgresDBName              string `json:"postgresDBName" form:"postgresDBName"`
+	PostgresUser                string `json:"postgresUser" form:"postgresUser"`
+	PostgresPassword            string `json:"postgresPassword" form:"postgresPassword"`
+	PostgresPasswordSet         bool   `json:"postgresPasswordSet" form:"postgresPasswordSet"`
+	PostgresSSLMode             string `json:"postgresSSLMode" form:"postgresSSLMode"`
+	ManagedLocally              bool   `json:"managedLocally" form:"managedLocally"`
+	LocalInstalled              bool   `json:"localInstalled" form:"localInstalled"`
+	CanInstallLocally           bool   `json:"canInstallLocally" form:"canInstallLocally"`
+	NativeSQLiteExportAvailable bool   `json:"nativeSQLiteExportAvailable" form:"nativeSQLiteExportAvailable"`
+}
+
+func DatabaseSettingFromConfig(cfg *config.DatabaseConfig) *DatabaseSetting {
+	if cfg == nil {
+		cfg = config.DefaultDatabaseConfig()
+	}
+	cfg = cfg.Clone().Normalize()
+	return &DatabaseSetting{
+		Driver:                      cfg.Driver,
+		ConfigSource:                cfg.ConfigSource,
+		SQLitePath:                  cfg.SQLite.Path,
+		PostgresMode:                cfg.Postgres.Mode,
+		PostgresHost:                cfg.Postgres.Host,
+		PostgresPort:                cfg.Postgres.Port,
+		PostgresDBName:              cfg.Postgres.DBName,
+		PostgresUser:                cfg.Postgres.User,
+		PostgresPasswordSet:         cfg.Postgres.Password != "",
+		PostgresSSLMode:             cfg.Postgres.SSLMode,
+		ManagedLocally:              cfg.Postgres.ManagedLocally,
+		NativeSQLiteExportAvailable: cfg.Driver == config.DatabaseDriverSQLite,
+	}
+}
+
+func (s *DatabaseSetting) Normalize() *DatabaseSetting {
+	if s == nil {
+		s = &DatabaseSetting{}
+	}
+	s.Driver = strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(s.Driver))
+	if s.Driver == "" {
+		s.Driver = config.DatabaseDriverSQLite
+	}
+	s.PostgresMode = strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(s.PostgresMode))
+	if s.PostgresMode == "" {
+		s.PostgresMode = config.DatabaseModeExternal
+	}
+	if s.PostgresHost == "" {
+		s.PostgresHost = "127.0.0.1"
+	}
+	if s.PostgresPort <= 0 {
+		s.PostgresPort = 5432
+	}
+	if s.PostgresSSLMode == "" {
+		s.PostgresSSLMode = "disable"
+	}
+	if s.PostgresMode == config.DatabaseModeLocal {
+		s.ManagedLocally = true
+	}
+	if s.SQLitePath == "" {
+		s.SQLitePath = config.GetDBPath()
+	}
+	return s
+}
+
+func (s *DatabaseSetting) ToConfig(existing *config.DatabaseConfig) *config.DatabaseConfig {
+	current := config.DefaultDatabaseConfig()
+	if existing != nil {
+		current = existing.Clone().Normalize()
+	}
+	s = s.Normalize()
+
+	current.Driver = s.Driver
+	current.SQLite.Path = s.SQLitePath
+	current.Postgres.Mode = s.PostgresMode
+	current.Postgres.Host = s.PostgresHost
+	current.Postgres.Port = s.PostgresPort
+	current.Postgres.DBName = s.PostgresDBName
+	current.Postgres.User = s.PostgresUser
+	if s.PostgresPassword != "" {
+		current.Postgres.Password = s.PostgresPassword
+	}
+	current.Postgres.SSLMode = s.PostgresSSLMode
+	current.Postgres.ManagedLocally = s.ManagedLocally
+	return current.Normalize()
+}

web/html/index.html

@@ -410,15 +410,22 @@
     <a-list class="ant-backup-list w-100" bordered>
       <a-list-item class="ant-backup-list-item">
         <a-list-item-meta>
-          <template #title>{{ i18n "pages.index.exportDatabase" }}</template>
-          <template #description>{{ i18n "pages.index.exportDatabaseDesc" }}</template>
+          <template #title>Export Portable Backup</template>
+          <template #description>Portable backups work for both SQLite and PostgreSQL.</template>
         </a-list-item-meta>
-        <a-button @click="exportDatabase()" type="primary" icon="download" />
+        <a-button @click="exportDatabase('portable')" type="primary" icon="download" />
       </a-list-item>
       <a-list-item class="ant-backup-list-item">
         <a-list-item-meta>
-          <template #title>{{ i18n "pages.index.importDatabase" }}</template>
-          <template #description>{{ i18n "pages.index.importDatabaseDesc" }}</template>
+          <template #title>Export Native SQLite</template>
+          <template #description>Downloads the raw SQLite database file when SQLite is the active backend.</template>
+        </a-list-item-meta>
+        <a-button @click="exportDatabase('sqlite')" type="primary" icon="download" :disabled="!backupModal.nativeSQLiteExportAvailable" />
+      </a-list-item>
+      <a-list-item class="ant-backup-list-item">
+        <a-list-item-meta>
+          <template #title>Import Backup</template>
+          <template #description>Accepts portable `.xui-backup` files and legacy SQLite `.db` backups.</template>
         </a-list-item-meta>
         <a-button @click="importDatabase()" type="primary" icon="upload" />
       </a-list-item>
@@ -864,6 +871,7 @@
     };
   const backupModal = {
     visible: false,
+    nativeSQLiteExportAvailable: false,
     show() {
       this.visible = true;
     },
@@ -1064,24 +1072,28 @@
         }
         txtModal.show('config.json', JSON.stringify(msg.obj, null, 2), 'config.json');
       },
-      openBackup() {
+      async openBackup() {
+        const dbMsg = await HttpUtil.post('/panel/setting/database/get');
+        if (dbMsg.success) {
+          backupModal.nativeSQLiteExportAvailable = !!dbMsg.obj.nativeSQLiteExportAvailable;
+        }
         backupModal.show();
       },
-      exportDatabase() {
-        window.location = basePath + 'panel/api/server/getDb';
+      exportDatabase(type = 'portable') {
+        window.location = `${basePath}panel/setting/database/export?type=${type}`;
       },
       importDatabase() {
         const fileInput = document.createElement('input');
         fileInput.type = 'file';
-        fileInput.accept = '.db';
+        fileInput.accept = '.xui-backup,.db,.zip';
         fileInput.addEventListener('change', async (event) => {
-          const dbFile = event.target.files[0];
-          if (dbFile) {
+          const backupFile = event.target.files[0];
+          if (backupFile) {
             const formData = new FormData();
-            formData.append('db', dbFile);
+            formData.append('backup', backupFile);
             backupModal.hide();
             this.loading(true);
-            const uploadMsg = await HttpUtil.post('/panel/api/server/importDB', formData, {
+            const uploadMsg = await HttpUtil.post('/panel/setting/database/import', formData, {
               headers: {
                 'Content-Type': 'multipart/form-data',
               }
@@ -1091,13 +1103,8 @@
               return;
             }
             this.loading(true);
-            const restartMsg = await HttpUtil.post("/panel/setting/restartPanel");
-            this.loading(false);
-            if (restartMsg.success) {
-              this.loading(true);
-              await PromiseUtil.sleep(5000);
-              location.reload();
-            }
+            await PromiseUtil.sleep(5000);
+            location.reload();
           }
         });
         fileInput.click();

web/html/settings.html

@@ -119,6 +119,8 @@
       },
       oldAllSetting: new AllSetting(),
       allSetting: new AllSetting(),
+      oldDatabaseSetting: new DatabaseSetting(),
+      databaseSetting: new DatabaseSetting(),
       saveBtnDisable: true,
       entryHost: null,
       entryPort: null,
@@ -276,6 +278,14 @@
           this.saveBtnDisable = true;
         }
       },
+      async getDatabaseSetting() {
+        const msg = await HttpUtil.post("/panel/setting/database/get");
+        if (!msg.success) {
+          return;
+        }
+        this.oldDatabaseSetting = new DatabaseSetting(msg.obj);
+        this.databaseSetting = new DatabaseSetting(msg.obj);
+      },
       async loadInboundTags() {
         const msg = await HttpUtil.get("/panel/api/inbounds/list");
         if (msg && msg.success && Array.isArray(msg.obj)) {
@@ -295,6 +305,78 @@
           await this.getAllSetting();
         }
       },
+      async testDatabaseSetting() {
+        this.loading(true);
+        await HttpUtil.post("/panel/setting/database/test", this.databaseSetting);
+        this.loading(false);
+      },
+      async installLocalPostgres() {
+        this.loading(true);
+        const msg = await HttpUtil.post("/panel/setting/database/install-postgres");
+        this.loading(false);
+        if (msg.success) {
+          await this.getDatabaseSetting();
+        }
+      },
+      async switchDatabase() {
+        await new Promise(resolve => {
+          this.$confirm({
+            title: '{{ i18n "pages.settings.database.switchDatabaseTitle" }}',
+            content: '{{ i18n "pages.settings.database.switchDatabaseConfirm" }}',
+            class: themeSwitcher.currentTheme,
+            okText: '{{ i18n "sure" }}',
+            cancelText: '{{ i18n "cancel" }}',
+            onOk: () => resolve(),
+          });
+        });
+
+        this.loading(true);
+        const msg = await HttpUtil.post("/panel/setting/database/switch", this.databaseSetting);
+        this.loading(false);
+        if (!msg.success) {
+          return;
+        }
+
+        await PromiseUtil.sleep(5000);
+        window.location.reload();
+      },
+      downloadDatabaseExport(type) {
+        window.location = `${basePath}panel/setting/database/export?type=${type}`;
+      },
+      exportPortableBackup() {
+        this.downloadDatabaseExport('portable');
+      },
+      exportNativeSQLite() {
+        this.downloadDatabaseExport('sqlite');
+      },
+      importDatabaseBackup() {
+        const fileInput = document.createElement('input');
+        fileInput.type = 'file';
+        fileInput.accept = '.xui-backup,.db,.zip';
+        fileInput.addEventListener('change', async (event) => {
+          const backupFile = event.target.files[0];
+          if (!backupFile) {
+            return;
+          }
+
+          const formData = new FormData();
+          formData.append('backup', backupFile);
+          this.loading(true);
+          const msg = await HttpUtil.post('/panel/setting/database/import', formData, {
+            headers: {
+              'Content-Type': 'multipart/form-data',
+            }
+          });
+          this.loading(false);
+          if (!msg.success) {
+            return;
+          }
+
+          await PromiseUtil.sleep(5000);
+          window.location.reload();
+        });
+        fileInput.click();
+      },
       async updateUser() {
         const sendUpdateUserRequest = async () => {
           this.loading(true);
@@ -627,6 +709,7 @@
       this.entryProtocol = window.location.protocol;
       this.entryIsIP = this._isIp(this.entryHost);
       await this.getAllSetting();
+      await this.getDatabaseSetting();
       await this.loadInboundTags();
       while (true) {
         await PromiseUtil.sleep(1000);
@@ -635,4 +718,4 @@
     }
   });
 </script>
-{{ template "page/body_end" .}}
+{{ template "page/body_end" .}}

web/html/settings/panel/general.html

@@ -108,7 +108,130 @@
             </template>
         </a-setting-list-item>
     </a-collapse-panel>
-    <a-collapse-panel key="4" header='{{ i18n "pages.settings.externalTraffic" }}'>
+    <a-collapse-panel key="4" header='{{ i18n "pages.settings.database.sectionTitle" }}'>
+        <a-setting-list-item paddings="small">
+            <template #title>{{ i18n "pages.settings.database.backend" }}</template>
+            <template #description>{{ i18n "pages.settings.database.backendDesc" }}</template>
+            <template #control>
+                <a-radio-group v-model="databaseSetting.driver" :disabled="databaseSetting.readOnly" button-style="solid">
+                    <a-radio-button value="sqlite">SQLite</a-radio-button>
+                    <a-radio-button value="postgres">PostgreSQL</a-radio-button>
+                </a-radio-group>
+            </template>
+        </a-setting-list-item>
+        <a-setting-list-item paddings="small" v-if="databaseSetting.readOnly || databaseSetting.configSource === 'default'">
+            <template #title>{{ i18n "pages.settings.database.configSource" }}</template>
+            <template #description v-if="databaseSetting.readOnly">{{ i18n "pages.settings.database.configSourceEnvDesc" }}</template>
+            <template #description v-else>{{ i18n "pages.settings.database.configSourceDefaultDesc" }}</template>
+            <template #control>
+                <a-tag :color="databaseSetting.readOnly ? 'red' : 'orange'">[[ databaseSetting.readOnly ? 'env' : 'default' ]]</a-tag>
+            </template>
+        </a-setting-list-item>
+        <a-setting-list-item paddings="small" v-if="databaseSetting.driver === 'sqlite'">
+            <template #title>{{ i18n "pages.settings.database.sqlitePath" }}</template>
+            <template #control>
+                <a-input type="text" v-model="databaseSetting.sqlitePath" :disabled="databaseSetting.readOnly"></a-input>
+            </template>
+        </a-setting-list-item>
+        <template v-if="databaseSetting.driver === 'postgres'">
+            <a-setting-list-item paddings="small">
+                <template #title>{{ i18n "pages.settings.database.postgresMode" }}</template>
+                <template #description>
+                    <span v-if="databaseSetting.postgresMode === 'local'">{{ i18n "pages.settings.database.postgresModeLocalDesc" }}</span>
+                    <span v-else>{{ i18n "pages.settings.database.postgresModeExternalDesc" }}</span>
+                </template>
+                <template #control>
+                    <a-radio-group v-model="databaseSetting.postgresMode" :disabled="databaseSetting.readOnly" button-style="solid">
+                        <a-radio-button value="local">{{ i18n "pages.settings.database.postgresModeLocal" }}</a-radio-button>
+                        <a-radio-button value="external">{{ i18n "pages.settings.database.postgresModeExternal" }}</a-radio-button>
+                    </a-radio-group>
+                </template>
+            </a-setting-list-item>
+            <a-setting-list-item paddings="small" v-if="databaseSetting.postgresMode === 'local'">
+                <template #title>{{ i18n "pages.settings.database.postgresInstallation" }}</template>
+                <template #description>
+                    <span v-if="databaseSetting.localInstalled"><a-tag color="green">✓</a-tag> {{ i18n "pages.settings.database.postgresInstallReady" }}</span>
+                    <span v-else-if="!databaseSetting.canInstallLocally"><a-tag color="orange">!</a-tag> {{ i18n "pages.settings.database.postgresInstallNeedRoot" }}</span>
+                    <span v-else><a-tag color="orange">!</a-tag> {{ i18n "pages.settings.database.postgresInstallHint" }}</span>
+                </template>
+                <template #control>
+                    <a-button @click="installLocalPostgres" :disabled="databaseSetting.readOnly || !databaseSetting.canInstallLocally || databaseSetting.localInstalled">
+                        <span v-if="databaseSetting.localInstalled">{{ i18n "pages.settings.database.postgresAlreadyInstalled" }}</span>
+                        <span v-else>{{ i18n "pages.settings.database.postgresInstallBtn" }}</span>
+                    </a-button>
+                </template>
+            </a-setting-list-item>
+            <a-setting-list-item paddings="small" v-if="databaseSetting.postgresMode === 'external'">
+                <template #title>{{ i18n "pages.settings.database.host" }}</template>
+                <template #control>
+                    <a-input type="text" v-model="databaseSetting.postgresHost" :disabled="databaseSetting.readOnly"></a-input>
+                </template>
+            </a-setting-list-item>
+            <a-setting-list-item paddings="small" v-if="databaseSetting.postgresMode === 'external'">
+                <template #title>{{ i18n "pages.settings.database.port" }}</template>
+                <template #control>
+                    <a-input-number :min="1" :max="65535" v-model="databaseSetting.postgresPort" :style="{ width: '100%' }" :disabled="databaseSetting.readOnly"></a-input-number>
+                </template>
+            </a-setting-list-item>
+            <a-setting-list-item paddings="small">
+                <template #title>{{ i18n "pages.settings.database.dbName" }}</template>
+                <template #control>
+                    <a-input type="text" v-model="databaseSetting.postgresDBName" :disabled="databaseSetting.readOnly"></a-input>
+                </template>
+            </a-setting-list-item>
+            <a-setting-list-item paddings="small">
+                <template #title>{{ i18n "pages.settings.database.user" }}</template>
+                <template #control>
+                    <a-input type="text" v-model="databaseSetting.postgresUser" :disabled="databaseSetting.readOnly"></a-input>
+                </template>
+            </a-setting-list-item>
+            <a-setting-list-item paddings="small">
+                <template #title>{{ i18n "pages.settings.database.password" }}</template>
+                <template #description v-if="databaseSetting.postgresPasswordSet">{{ i18n "pages.settings.database.passwordHint" }}</template>
+                <template #control>
+                    <a-input type="password" v-model="databaseSetting.postgresPassword" :disabled="databaseSetting.readOnly"></a-input>
+                </template>
+            </a-setting-list-item>
+            <a-setting-list-item paddings="small" v-if="databaseSetting.postgresMode === 'external'">
+                <template #title>{{ i18n "pages.settings.database.sslMode" }}</template>
+                <template #control>
+                    <a-select v-model="databaseSetting.postgresSSLMode" :disabled="databaseSetting.readOnly"
+                        :dropdown-class-name="themeSwitcher.currentTheme" :style="{ width: '100%' }">
+                        <a-select-option value="disable">disable</a-select-option>
+                        <a-select-option value="require">require</a-select-option>
+                        <a-select-option value="verify-ca">verify-ca</a-select-option>
+                        <a-select-option value="verify-full">verify-full</a-select-option>
+                    </a-select>
+                </template>
+            </a-setting-list-item>
+        </template>
+        <a-setting-list-item paddings="small">
+            <template #title>{{ i18n "pages.settings.database.actions" }}</template>
+            <template #description>{{ i18n "pages.settings.database.actionsDesc" }}</template>
+            <template #control>
+                <a-space wrap>
+                    <a-button @click="testDatabaseSetting" :disabled="databaseSetting.readOnly">{{ i18n "pages.settings.database.testConnection" }}</a-button>
+                    <a-button type="primary" @click="switchDatabase" :disabled="databaseSetting.readOnly">{{ i18n "pages.settings.database.switchDatabase" }}</a-button>
+                </a-space>
+            </template>
+        </a-setting-list-item>
+        <a-setting-list-item paddings="small">
+            <template #title>{{ i18n "pages.settings.database.backupRestore" }}</template>
+            <template #description>
+                <b>{{ i18n "pages.settings.database.exportPortableLabel" }}</b> — {{ i18n "pages.settings.database.exportPortableDesc" }}<br>
+                <b>{{ i18n "pages.settings.database.exportNativeSQLiteLabel" }}</b> — {{ i18n "pages.settings.database.exportNativeSQLiteDesc" }}<br>
+                <b>{{ i18n "pages.settings.database.importLabel" }}</b> — {{ i18n "pages.settings.database.importDesc" }}
+            </template>
+            <template #control>
+                <a-space wrap>
+                    <a-button @click="exportPortableBackup">{{ i18n "pages.settings.database.exportPortableBtn" }}</a-button>
+                    <a-button @click="exportNativeSQLite" :disabled="!databaseSetting.nativeSQLiteExportAvailable">{{ i18n "pages.settings.database.exportNativeSQLiteBtn" }}</a-button>
+                    <a-button @click="importDatabaseBackup">{{ i18n "pages.settings.database.importBtn" }}</a-button>
+                </a-space>
+            </template>
+        </a-setting-list-item>
+    </a-collapse-panel>
+    <a-collapse-panel key="5" header='{{ i18n "pages.settings.externalTraffic" }}'>
         <a-setting-list-item paddings="small">
             <template #title>{{ i18n "pages.settings.externalTrafficInformEnable"}}</template>
             <template #description>{{ i18n "pages.settings.externalTrafficInformEnableDesc"}}</template>
@@ -125,7 +248,7 @@
             </template>
         </a-setting-list-item>
     </a-collapse-panel>
-    <a-collapse-panel key="5" header='{{ i18n "pages.settings.dateAndTime" }}'>
+    <a-collapse-panel key="6" header='{{ i18n "pages.settings.dateAndTime" }}'>
         <a-setting-list-item paddings="small">
             <template #title>{{ i18n "pages.settings.timeZone"}}</template>
             <template #description>{{ i18n "pages.settings.timeZoneDesc"}}</template>
@@ -146,7 +269,7 @@
             </template>
         </a-setting-list-item>
     </a-collapse-panel>
-    <a-collapse-panel key="6" header='LDAP'>
+    <a-collapse-panel key="7" header='LDAP'>
         <a-setting-list-item paddings="small">
             <template #title>Enable LDAP sync</template>
             <template #control>
@@ -277,4 +400,4 @@
         </a-setting-list-item>
     </a-collapse-panel>
 </a-collapse>
-{{end}}
+{{end}}

web/service/database.go

@@ -0,0 +1,252 @@
+package service
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"mime/multipart"
+	"os"
+	"os/exec"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"runtime"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/mhsanaei/3x-ui/v2/config"
+	"github.com/mhsanaei/3x-ui/v2/database"
+	"github.com/mhsanaei/3x-ui/v2/logger"
+	"github.com/mhsanaei/3x-ui/v2/web/entity"
+)
+
+type DatabaseService struct{}
+
+func (s *DatabaseService) currentConfig() (*config.DatabaseConfig, error) {
+	current, err := config.LoadDatabaseConfig()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return current.Normalize(), nil
+}
+
+func (s *DatabaseService) mergeSettingWithCurrent(setting *entity.DatabaseSetting) (*config.DatabaseConfig, error) {
+	current, err := s.currentConfig()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	target := setting.ToConfig(current)
+	if target.UsesPostgres() && target.Postgres.Password == "" && current.UsesPostgres() {
+		sameEndpoint := target.Postgres.Host == current.Postgres.Host &&
+			target.Postgres.Port == current.Postgres.Port &&
+			target.Postgres.DBName == current.Postgres.DBName &&
+			target.Postgres.User == current.Postgres.User
+		if sameEndpoint {
+			target.Postgres.Password = current.Postgres.Password
+		}
+	}
+	return target.Normalize(), nil
+}
+
+func (s *DatabaseService) canInstallLocally() bool {
+	if runtime.GOOS == "windows" {
+		return false
+	}
+	if _, err := os.Stat("/.dockerenv"); err == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	if strings.TrimSpace(os.Getenv("container")) != "" {
+		return false
+	}
+	output, err := exec.Command("id", "-u").Output()
+	return err == nil && strings.TrimSpace(string(output)) == "0"
+}
+
+func (s *DatabaseService) postgresManagerExists() bool {
+	path := config.GetPostgresManagerPath()
+	info, err := os.Stat(path)
+	return err == nil && !info.IsDir()
+}
+
+func (s *DatabaseService) runPostgresManager(args ...string) (string, error) {
+	if !s.postgresManagerExists() {
+		return "", errors.New("postgres-manager.sh not found")
+	}
+	cmd := exec.Command(config.GetPostgresManagerPath(), args...)
+	output, err := cmd.CombinedOutput()
+	if err != nil {
+		return string(output), fmt.Errorf("%w: %s", err, strings.TrimSpace(string(output)))
+	}
+	return string(output), nil
+}
+
+func (s *DatabaseService) postgresStatus() (bool, bool) {
+	if s.postgresManagerExists() {
+		output, err := s.runPostgresManager("status")
+		if err == nil {
+			installed := strings.Contains(output, "installed=true")
+			running := strings.Contains(output, "running=true")
+			return installed, running
+		}
+	}
+
+	_, err := exec.LookPath("psql")
+	return err == nil, false
+}
+
+func (s *DatabaseService) GetSetting() (*entity.DatabaseSetting, error) {
+	current, err := s.currentConfig()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	setting := entity.DatabaseSettingFromConfig(current)
+	setting.ReadOnly = current.ConfigSource == config.DatabaseConfigSourceEnv
+	setting.CanInstallLocally = s.canInstallLocally()
+	setting.LocalInstalled, _ = s.postgresStatus()
+	return setting, nil
+}
+
+func (s *DatabaseService) TestSetting(setting *entity.DatabaseSetting) error {
+	target, err := s.mergeSettingWithCurrent(setting)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return database.TestConnection(target)
+}
+
+func (s *DatabaseService) InstallLocalPostgres() (string, error) {
+	if !s.canInstallLocally() {
+		return "", errors.New("local PostgreSQL installation requires root privileges")
+	}
+	return s.runPostgresManager("init-local")
+}
+
+func (s *DatabaseService) prepareLocalPostgres(target *config.DatabaseConfig) error {
+	if !target.UsesPostgres() || !target.Postgres.ManagedLocally {
+		return nil
+	}
+	if !s.canInstallLocally() {
+		return errors.New("local PostgreSQL management requires root privileges")
+	}
+
+	if _, err := s.runPostgresManager("init-local"); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	args := []string{
+		"create-db-user",
+		"--user", target.Postgres.User,
+		"--db", target.Postgres.DBName,
+	}
+	if target.Postgres.Password != "" {
+		args = append(args, "--password", target.Postgres.Password)
+	}
+	_, err := s.runPostgresManager(args...)
+	return err
+}
+
+func (s *DatabaseService) SwitchDatabase(setting *entity.DatabaseSetting) error {
+	target, err := s.mergeSettingWithCurrent(setting)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if err := s.prepareLocalPostgres(target); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return database.SwitchDatabase(target)
+}
+
+func (s *DatabaseService) backupFilename(prefix string) string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%s-%s.xui-backup", prefix, time.Now().UTC().Format("20060102-150405"))
+}
+
+func (s *DatabaseService) saveCurrentRestorePoint(prefix string) (string, error) {
+	data, err := database.EncodeCurrentPortableBackup()
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	path := filepath.Join(config.GetBackupFolderPath(), s.backupFilename(prefix))
+	return path, database.SavePortableBackup(path, data)
+}
+
+func (s *DatabaseService) ExportPortableBackup() ([]byte, string, error) {
+	data, err := database.EncodeCurrentPortableBackup()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, "", err
+	}
+	return data, s.backupFilename("portable"), nil
+}
+
+func (s *DatabaseService) ExportNativeSQLite() ([]byte, string, error) {
+	currentCfg, err := s.currentConfig()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, "", err
+	}
+	if !currentCfg.UsesSQLite() {
+		return nil, "", errors.New("native SQLite export is only available when SQLite is the active backend")
+	}
+	if err := database.Checkpoint(); err != nil {
+		return nil, "", err
+	}
+	contents, err := os.ReadFile(currentCfg.SQLite.Path)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, "", err
+	}
+	return contents, "x-ui.db", nil
+}
+
+func (s *DatabaseService) decodeImport(raw []byte) (*database.BackupSnapshot, string, error) {
+	snapshot, err := database.DecodePortableBackup(raw)
+	if err == nil {
+		return snapshot, "portable", nil
+	}
+
+	reader := bytes.NewReader(raw)
+	isSQLite, sqliteErr := database.IsSQLiteDB(reader)
+	if sqliteErr == nil && isSQLite {
+		tempFile, err := os.CreateTemp("", "xui-legacy-*.db")
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, "", err
+		}
+		tempPath := tempFile.Name()
+		defer os.Remove(tempPath)
+		defer tempFile.Close()
+
+		if _, err := tempFile.Write(raw); err != nil {
+			return nil, "", err
+		}
+		if err := tempFile.Close(); err != nil {
+			return nil, "", err
+		}
+		snapshot, err := database.LoadSnapshotFromSQLiteFile(tempPath)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, "", err
+		}
+		return snapshot, "sqlite-legacy", nil
+	}
+
+	return nil, "", errors.New("unsupported backup format")
+}
+
+func (s *DatabaseService) ImportBackup(file multipart.File) (string, error) {
+	raw, err := io.ReadAll(file)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+
+	snapshot, backupType, err := s.decodeImport(raw)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	if _, err := s.saveCurrentRestorePoint("restore"); err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	if err := database.ApplySnapshot(database.GetDB(), snapshot); err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+
+	inboundService := &InboundService{}
+	inboundService.MigrateDB()
+	logger.Infof("Database import completed using %s backup", backupType)
+	return backupType, nil
+}

web/service/inbound.go

@@ -108,13 +108,14 @@ func (s *InboundService) checkPortExist(listen string, port int, ignoreId int) (
 				db.Model(model.Inbound{}).Where(
 					"listen = ?", listen,
 				).Or(
-					"listen = \"\"",
+					"listen = ?", "",
 				).Or(
-					"listen = \"0.0.0.0\"",
+					"listen = ?", "0.0.0.0",
 				).Or(
-					"listen = \"::\"",
+					"listen = ?", "::",
 				).Or(
-					"listen = \"::0\""))
+					"listen = ?", "::0",
+				))
 	}
 	if ignoreId > 0 {
 		db = db.Where("id != ?", ignoreId)
@@ -143,15 +144,24 @@ func (s *InboundService) GetClients(inbound *model.Inbound) ([]model.Client, err
 
 func (s *InboundService) getAllEmails() ([]string, error) {
 	db := database.GetDB()
-	var emails []string
-	err := db.Raw(`
-		SELECT JSON_EXTRACT(client.value, '$.email')
-		FROM inbounds,
-			JSON_EACH(JSON_EXTRACT(inbounds.settings, '$.clients')) AS client
-		`).Scan(&emails).Error
+	var inbounds []model.Inbound
+	err := db.Model(model.Inbound{}).Find(&inbounds).Error
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
+
+	emails := make([]string, 0)
+	for i := range inbounds {
+		clients, clientsErr := s.GetClients(&inbounds[i])
+		if clientsErr != nil {
+			return nil, clientsErr
+		}
+		for _, client := range clients {
+			if client.Email != "" {
+				emails = append(emails, client.Email)
+			}
+		}
+	}
 	return emails, nil
 }
 
@@ -1312,14 +1322,18 @@ func (s *InboundService) GetInboundTags() (string, error) {
 
 func (s *InboundService) MigrationRemoveOrphanedTraffics() {
 	db := database.GetDB()
-	db.Exec(`
-		DELETE FROM client_traffics
-		WHERE email NOT IN (
-			SELECT JSON_EXTRACT(client.value, '$.email')
-			FROM inbounds,
-				JSON_EACH(JSON_EXTRACT(inbounds.settings, '$.clients')) AS client
-		)
-	`)
+	allEmails, err := s.getAllEmails()
+	if err != nil {
+		logger.Warningf("Failed to load client emails for orphan cleanup: %v", err)
+		return
+	}
+
+	query := db.Session(&gorm.Session{AllowGlobalUpdate: true}).Model(&xray.ClientTraffic{})
+	if len(allEmails) == 0 {
+		query.Delete(&xray.ClientTraffic{})
+		return
+	}
+	query.Not("email IN ?", allEmails).Delete(&xray.ClientTraffic{})
 }
 
 func (s *InboundService) AddClientStat(tx *gorm.DB, inboundId int, client *model.Client) error {
@@ -2057,14 +2071,30 @@ func (s *InboundService) UpdateClientTrafficByEmail(email string, upload int64,
 func (s *InboundService) GetClientTrafficByID(id string) ([]xray.ClientTraffic, error) {
 	db := database.GetDB()
 	var traffics []xray.ClientTraffic
+	var inbounds []model.Inbound
+	if err := db.Model(model.Inbound{}).Find(&inbounds).Error; err != nil {
+		logger.Debug(err)
+		return nil, err
+	}
 
-	err := db.Model(xray.ClientTraffic{}).Where(`email IN(
-		SELECT JSON_EXTRACT(client.value, '$.email') as email
-		FROM inbounds,
-	  	JSON_EACH(JSON_EXTRACT(inbounds.settings, '$.clients')) AS client
-		WHERE
-	  	JSON_EXTRACT(client.value, '$.id') in (?)
-		)`, id).Find(&traffics).Error
+	emails := make([]string, 0)
+	for i := range inbounds {
+		clients, clientsErr := s.GetClients(&inbounds[i])
+		if clientsErr != nil {
+			logger.Debug(clientsErr)
+			return nil, clientsErr
+		}
+		for _, client := range clients {
+			if client.ID == id && client.Email != "" {
+				emails = append(emails, client.Email)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	if len(emails) == 0 {
+		return traffics, nil
+	}
+
+	err := db.Model(xray.ClientTraffic{}).Where("email IN ?", emails).Find(&traffics).Error
 
 	if err != nil {
 		logger.Debug(err)
@@ -2210,72 +2240,66 @@ func (s *InboundService) MigrationRequirements() {
 	defer func() {
 		if err == nil {
 			tx.Commit()
-			if dbErr := db.Exec(`VACUUM "main"`).Error; dbErr != nil {
-				logger.Warningf("VACUUM failed: %v", dbErr)
+			if database.IsSQLite() {
+				if dbErr := db.Exec(`VACUUM`).Error; dbErr != nil {
+					logger.Warningf("VACUUM failed: %v", dbErr)
+				}
 			}
 		} else {
 			tx.Rollback()
 		}
 	}()
 
-	// Calculate and backfill all_time from up+down for inbounds and clients
+	// Calculate and backfill all_time from up+down for inbounds and clients.
 	err = tx.Exec(`
 		UPDATE inbounds
-		SET all_time = IFNULL(up, 0) + IFNULL(down, 0)
-		WHERE IFNULL(all_time, 0) = 0 AND (IFNULL(up, 0) + IFNULL(down, 0)) > 0
+		SET all_time = COALESCE(up, 0) + COALESCE(down, 0)
+		WHERE COALESCE(all_time, 0) = 0 AND (COALESCE(up, 0) + COALESCE(down, 0)) > 0
 	`).Error
 	if err != nil {
 		return
 	}
 	err = tx.Exec(`
 		UPDATE client_traffics
-		SET all_time = IFNULL(up, 0) + IFNULL(down, 0)
-		WHERE IFNULL(all_time, 0) = 0 AND (IFNULL(up, 0) + IFNULL(down, 0)) > 0
+		SET all_time = COALESCE(up, 0) + COALESCE(down, 0)
+		WHERE COALESCE(all_time, 0) = 0 AND (COALESCE(up, 0) + COALESCE(down, 0)) > 0
 	`).Error
-
 	if err != nil {
 		return
 	}
 
-	// Fix inbounds based problems
+	// Fix inbounds based problems.
 	var inbounds []*model.Inbound
-	err = tx.Model(model.Inbound{}).Where("protocol IN (?)", []string{"vmess", "vless", "trojan"}).Find(&inbounds).Error
+	err = tx.Model(model.Inbound{}).Where("protocol IN ?", []string{"vmess", "vless", "trojan"}).Find(&inbounds).Error
 	if err != nil && err != gorm.ErrRecordNotFound {
 		return
 	}
-	for inbound_index := range inbounds {
+	for inboundIndex := range inbounds {
 		settings := map[string]any{}
-		json.Unmarshal([]byte(inbounds[inbound_index].Settings), &settings)
+		json.Unmarshal([]byte(inbounds[inboundIndex].Settings), &settings)
 		clients, ok := settings["clients"].([]any)
 		if ok {
-			// Fix Client configuration problems
 			var newClients []any
-			for client_index := range clients {
-				c := clients[client_index].(map[string]any)
+			for clientIndex := range clients {
+				c := clients[clientIndex].(map[string]any)
 
-				// Add email='' if it is not exists
 				if _, ok := c["email"]; !ok {
 					c["email"] = ""
 				}
 
-				// Convert string tgId to int64
 				if _, ok := c["tgId"]; ok {
 					var tgId any = c["tgId"]
 					if tgIdStr, ok2 := tgId.(string); ok2 {
-						tgIdInt64, err := strconv.ParseInt(strings.ReplaceAll(tgIdStr, " ", ""), 10, 64)
-						if err == nil {
+						tgIdInt64, parseErr := strconv.ParseInt(strings.ReplaceAll(tgIdStr, " ", ""), 10, 64)
+						if parseErr == nil {
 							c["tgId"] = tgIdInt64
 						}
 					}
 				}
 
-				// Remove "flow": "xtls-rprx-direct"
-				if _, ok := c["flow"]; ok {
-					if c["flow"] == "xtls-rprx-direct" {
-						c["flow"] = ""
-					}
+				if _, ok := c["flow"]; ok && c["flow"] == "xtls-rprx-direct" {
+					c["flow"] = ""
 				}
-				// Backfill created_at and updated_at
 				if _, ok := c["created_at"]; !ok {
 					c["created_at"] = time.Now().Unix() * 1000
 				}
@@ -2283,17 +2307,17 @@ func (s *InboundService) MigrationRequirements() {
 				newClients = append(newClients, any(c))
 			}
 			settings["clients"] = newClients
-			modifiedSettings, err := json.MarshalIndent(settings, "", "  ")
-			if err != nil {
+			modifiedSettings, marshalErr := json.MarshalIndent(settings, "", "  ")
+			if marshalErr != nil {
+				err = marshalErr
 				return
 			}
-
-			inbounds[inbound_index].Settings = string(modifiedSettings)
+			inbounds[inboundIndex].Settings = string(modifiedSettings)
 		}
 
-		// Add client traffic row for all clients which has email
-		modelClients, err := s.GetClients(inbounds[inbound_index])
-		if err != nil {
+		modelClients, clientsErr := s.GetClients(inbounds[inboundIndex])
+		if clientsErr != nil {
+			err = clientsErr
 			return
 		}
 		for _, modelClient := range modelClients {
@@ -2301,62 +2325,82 @@ func (s *InboundService) MigrationRequirements() {
 				var count int64
 				tx.Model(xray.ClientTraffic{}).Where("email = ?", modelClient.Email).Count(&count)
 				if count == 0 {
-					s.AddClientStat(tx, inbounds[inbound_index].Id, &modelClient)
-				}
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	tx.Save(inbounds)
-
-	// Remove orphaned traffics
-	tx.Where("inbound_id = 0").Delete(xray.ClientTraffic{})
-
-	// Migrate old MultiDomain to External Proxy
-	var externalProxy []struct {
-		Id             int
-		Port           int
-		StreamSettings []byte
-	}
-	err = tx.Raw(`select id, port, stream_settings
-	from inbounds
-	WHERE protocol in ('vmess','vless','trojan')
-	  AND json_extract(stream_settings, '$.security') = 'tls'
-	  AND json_extract(stream_settings, '$.tlsSettings.settings.domains') IS NOT NULL`).Scan(&externalProxy).Error
-	if err != nil || len(externalProxy) == 0 {
-		return
-	}
-
-	for _, ep := range externalProxy {
-		var reverses any
-		var stream map[string]any
-		json.Unmarshal(ep.StreamSettings, &stream)
-		if tlsSettings, ok := stream["tlsSettings"].(map[string]any); ok {
-			if settings, ok := tlsSettings["settings"].(map[string]any); ok {
-				if domains, ok := settings["domains"].([]any); ok {
-					for _, domain := range domains {
-						if domainMap, ok := domain.(map[string]any); ok {
-							domainMap["forceTls"] = "same"
-							domainMap["port"] = ep.Port
-							domainMap["dest"] = domainMap["domain"].(string)
-							delete(domainMap, "domain")
-						}
+					if addErr := s.AddClientStat(tx, inbounds[inboundIndex].Id, &modelClient); addErr != nil {
+						err = addErr
+						return
 					}
 				}
-				reverses = settings["domains"]
-				delete(settings, "domains")
 			}
 		}
-		stream["externalProxy"] = reverses
-		newStream, _ := json.MarshalIndent(stream, " ", "  ")
-		tx.Model(model.Inbound{}).Where("id = ?", ep.Id).Update("stream_settings", newStream)
+	}
+	if err = tx.Save(inbounds).Error; err != nil {
+		return
 	}
 
-	err = tx.Raw(`UPDATE inbounds
-	SET tag = REPLACE(tag, '0.0.0.0:', '')
-	WHERE INSTR(tag, '0.0.0.0:') > 0;`).Error
-	if err != nil {
+	tx.Where("inbound_id = 0").Delete(xray.ClientTraffic{})
+
+	for _, inbound := range inbounds {
+		var reverses any
+		var stream map[string]any
+		if json.Unmarshal([]byte(inbound.StreamSettings), &stream) != nil {
+			continue
+		}
+		if security, _ := stream["security"].(string); security != "tls" {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		tlsSettings, ok := stream["tlsSettings"].(map[string]any)
+		if !ok {
+			continue
+		}
+		tlsInnerSettings, ok := tlsSettings["settings"].(map[string]any)
+		if !ok {
+			continue
+		}
+		domains, ok := tlsInnerSettings["domains"].([]any)
+		if !ok || len(domains) == 0 {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		for _, domain := range domains {
+			domainMap, ok := domain.(map[string]any)
+			if !ok {
+				continue
+			}
+			domainMap["forceTls"] = "same"
+			domainMap["port"] = inbound.Port
+			if domainName, ok := domainMap["domain"].(string); ok {
+				domainMap["dest"] = domainName
+			}
+			delete(domainMap, "domain")
+		}
+		reverses = domains
+		delete(tlsInnerSettings, "domains")
+		stream["externalProxy"] = reverses
+		newStream, marshalErr := json.MarshalIndent(stream, " ", "  ")
+		if marshalErr != nil {
+			err = marshalErr
+			return
+		}
+		if err = tx.Model(model.Inbound{}).Where("id = ?", inbound.Id).Update("stream_settings", newStream).Error; err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+	}
+
+	var allInbounds []*model.Inbound
+	err = tx.Model(model.Inbound{}).Find(&allInbounds).Error
+	if err != nil && err != gorm.ErrRecordNotFound {
 		return
 	}
+	for _, inbound := range allInbounds {
+		if !strings.Contains(inbound.Tag, "0.0.0.0:") {
+			continue
+		}
+		newTag := strings.Replace(inbound.Tag, "0.0.0.0:", "", 1)
+		if err = tx.Model(model.Inbound{}).Where("id = ?", inbound.Id).Update("tag", newTag).Error; err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+	}
 }
 
 func (s *InboundService) MigrateDB() {

web/service/server.go

@@ -1009,7 +1009,7 @@ func (s *ServerService) ImportDB(file multipart.File) error {
 	}
 
 	// Open & migrate new DB
-	if err = database.InitDB(config.GetDBPath()); err != nil {
+	if err = database.InitDB(); err != nil {
 		if errRename := os.Rename(fallbackPath, config.GetDBPath()); errRename != nil {
 			return common.NewErrorf("Error migrating db and restoring fallback: %v", errRename)
 		}

web/service/setting.go

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/mhsanaei/3x-ui/v2/database"
 	"github.com/mhsanaei/3x-ui/v2/database/model"
+	"gorm.io/gorm"
 	"github.com/mhsanaei/3x-ui/v2/logger"
 	"github.com/mhsanaei/3x-ui/v2/util/common"
 	"github.com/mhsanaei/3x-ui/v2/util/random"
@@ -204,12 +205,15 @@ func (s *SettingService) ResetSettings() error {
 
 func (s *SettingService) getSetting(key string) (*model.Setting, error) {
 	db := database.GetDB()
-	setting := &model.Setting{}
-	err := db.Model(model.Setting{}).Where("key = ?", key).First(setting).Error
+	var settings []*model.Setting
+	err := db.Model(model.Setting{}).Where("key = ?", key).Limit(1).Find(&settings).Error
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	return setting, nil
+	if len(settings) == 0 {
+		return nil, gorm.ErrRecordNotFound
+	}
+	return settings[0], nil
 }
 
 func (s *SettingService) saveSetting(key string, value string) error {
@@ -499,10 +503,18 @@ func (s *SettingService) GetSubListen() (string, error) {
 	return s.getString("subListen")
 }
 
+func (s *SettingService) SetSubListen(ip string) error {
+	return s.setString("subListen", ip)
+}
+
 func (s *SettingService) GetSubPort() (int, error) {
 	return s.getInt("subPort")
 }
 
+func (s *SettingService) SetSubPort(port int) error {
+	return s.setInt("subPort", port)
+}
+
 func (s *SettingService) GetSubPath() (string, error) {
 	return s.getString("subPath")
 }

web/service/tgbot.go

@@ -3636,29 +3636,47 @@ func (t *Tgbot) sendBackup(chatId int64) {
 		logger.Error("Error in trigger a checkpoint operation: ", err)
 	}
 
-	// Send database backup
-	file, err := os.Open(config.GetDBPath())
+	// Send portable database backup
+	backupData, err := database.EncodeCurrentPortableBackup()
 	if err == nil {
-		defer file.Close()
 		ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 30*time.Second)
 		defer cancel()
 		document := tu.Document(
 			tu.ID(chatId),
-			tu.File(file),
+			tu.FileFromBytes(backupData, fmt.Sprintf("x-ui-%s.xui-backup", time.Now().Format("20060102-150405"))),
 		)
 		_, err = bot.SendDocument(ctx, document)
 		if err != nil {
-			logger.Error("Error in uploading backup: ", err)
+			logger.Error("Error in uploading portable backup: ", err)
 		}
 	} else {
-		logger.Error("Error in opening db file for backup: ", err)
+		logger.Error("Error in creating portable backup: ", err)
+	}
+
+	if database.IsSQLite() {
+		file, err := os.Open(config.GetDBPath())
+		if err == nil {
+			defer file.Close()
+			ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 30*time.Second)
+			defer cancel()
+			document := tu.Document(
+				tu.ID(chatId),
+				tu.File(file),
+			)
+			_, err = bot.SendDocument(ctx, document)
+			if err != nil {
+				logger.Error("Error in uploading native SQLite backup: ", err)
+			}
+		} else {
+			logger.Error("Error in opening db file for backup: ", err)
+		}
 	}
 
 	// Small delay between file sends
 	time.Sleep(500 * time.Millisecond)
 
 	// Send config.json backup
-	file, err = os.Open(xray.GetConfigPath())
+	file, err := os.Open(xray.GetConfigPath())
 	if err == nil {
 		defer file.Close()
 		ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 30*time.Second)

web/translation/translate.ar_EG.toml

@@ -589,6 +589,50 @@
 "ipPool" = "نطاق IP Pool"
 "poolSize" = "حجم المجموعة"
 
+[pages.settings.database]
+"sectionTitle" = "Database"
+"backend" = "Backend"
+"backendDesc" = "Runtime database configuration is stored outside the panel database."
+"configSource" = "Config Source"
+"configSourceEnvDesc" = "This database backend is controlled by environment variables and cannot be changed here."
+"configSourceDefaultDesc" = "No configuration file saved yet. Built-in defaults are active (SQLite)."
+"configSourceDesc" = "Current source:"
+"sqlitePath" = "SQLite Path"
+"postgresMode" = "PostgreSQL Mode"
+"postgresModeLocalDesc" = "Panel-managed PostgreSQL on this server (127.0.0.1:5432)."
+"postgresModeExternalDesc" = "Connect to an existing PostgreSQL server."
+"postgresModeLocal" = "Local (panel-managed)"
+"postgresModeExternal" = "External"
+"postgresInstallation" = "PostgreSQL Installation"
+"postgresInstallReady" = "PostgreSQL is ready to use."
+"postgresInstallNeedRoot" = "Auto-install requires root and a non-Docker environment."
+"postgresInstallHint" = "Click Install to set up PostgreSQL automatically."
+"postgresAlreadyInstalled" = "Already installed"
+"postgresInstallBtn" = "Install PostgreSQL"
+"host" = "Host"
+"port" = "Port"
+"dbName" = "Database Name"
+"user" = "User"
+"password" = "Password"
+"passwordHint" = "Leave empty to keep the stored password."
+"sslMode" = "SSL Mode"
+"actions" = "Actions"
+"actionsDesc" = "Data is migrated automatically. A portable backup is saved before switching, and the panel restarts."
+"testConnection" = "Test Connection"
+"switchDatabase" = "Switch Database"
+"switchDatabaseTitle" = "Switch database backend"
+"switchDatabaseConfirm" = "The panel will create a portable backup, migrate all data, and restart itself. Continue?"
+"backupRestore" = "Backup & Restore"
+"exportPortableLabel" = "Export Portable"
+"exportPortableDesc" = "Cross-platform backup (works with both SQLite and PostgreSQL, also sent by Telegram bot)."
+"exportNativeSQLiteLabel" = "Export Native SQLite"
+"exportNativeSQLiteDesc" = "Raw database file, only available while SQLite is active."
+"importLabel" = "Import"
+"importDesc" = "Restore from a portable (.xui-backup) or legacy SQLite (.db) file."
+"exportPortableBtn" = "Export Portable Backup"
+"exportNativeSQLiteBtn" = "Export Native SQLite"
+"importBtn" = "Import Backup"
+
 [pages.settings.security]
 "admin" = "بيانات الأدمن"
 "twoFactor" = "المصادقة الثنائية"

web/translation/translate.en_US.toml

@@ -589,6 +589,50 @@
 "ipPool" = "IP Pool Subnet"
 "poolSize" = "Pool Size"
 
+[pages.settings.database]
+"sectionTitle" = "Database"
+"backend" = "Backend"
+"backendDesc" = "Runtime database configuration is stored outside the panel database."
+"configSource" = "Config Source"
+"configSourceEnvDesc" = "This database backend is controlled by environment variables and cannot be changed here."
+"configSourceDefaultDesc" = "No configuration file saved yet. Built-in defaults are active (SQLite)."
+"configSourceDesc" = "Current source:"
+"sqlitePath" = "SQLite Path"
+"postgresMode" = "PostgreSQL Mode"
+"postgresModeLocalDesc" = "Panel-managed PostgreSQL on this server (127.0.0.1:5432)."
+"postgresModeExternalDesc" = "Connect to an existing PostgreSQL server."
+"postgresModeLocal" = "Local (panel-managed)"
+"postgresModeExternal" = "External"
+"postgresInstallation" = "PostgreSQL Installation"
+"postgresInstallReady" = "PostgreSQL is ready to use."
+"postgresInstallNeedRoot" = "Auto-install requires root and a non-Docker environment."
+"postgresInstallHint" = "Click Install to set up PostgreSQL automatically."
+"postgresAlreadyInstalled" = "Already installed"
+"postgresInstallBtn" = "Install PostgreSQL"
+"host" = "Host"
+"port" = "Port"
+"dbName" = "Database Name"
+"user" = "User"
+"password" = "Password"
+"passwordHint" = "Leave empty to keep the stored password."
+"sslMode" = "SSL Mode"
+"actions" = "Actions"
+"actionsDesc" = "Data is migrated automatically. A portable backup is saved before switching, and the panel restarts."
+"testConnection" = "Test Connection"
+"switchDatabase" = "Switch Database"
+"switchDatabaseTitle" = "Switch database backend"
+"switchDatabaseConfirm" = "The panel will create a portable backup, migrate all data, and restart itself. Continue?"
+"backupRestore" = "Backup & Restore"
+"exportPortableLabel" = "Export Portable"
+"exportPortableDesc" = "Cross-platform backup (works with both SQLite and PostgreSQL, also sent by Telegram bot)."
+"exportNativeSQLiteLabel" = "Export Native SQLite"
+"exportNativeSQLiteDesc" = "Raw database file, only available while SQLite is active."
+"importLabel" = "Import"
+"importDesc" = "Restore from a portable (.xui-backup) or legacy SQLite (.db) file."
+"exportPortableBtn" = "Export Portable Backup"
+"exportNativeSQLiteBtn" = "Export Native SQLite"
+"importBtn" = "Import Backup"
+
 [pages.settings.security]
 "admin" = "Admin credentials"
 "twoFactor" = "Two-factor authentication"

web/translation/translate.es_ES.toml

@@ -589,6 +589,50 @@
 "ipPool" = "Subred del grupo de IP"
 "poolSize" = "Tamaño del grupo"
 
+[pages.settings.database]
+"sectionTitle" = "Database"
+"backend" = "Backend"
+"backendDesc" = "Runtime database configuration is stored outside the panel database."
+"configSource" = "Config Source"
+"configSourceEnvDesc" = "This database backend is controlled by environment variables and cannot be changed here."
+"configSourceDefaultDesc" = "No configuration file saved yet. Built-in defaults are active (SQLite)."
+"configSourceDesc" = "Current source:"
+"sqlitePath" = "SQLite Path"
+"postgresMode" = "PostgreSQL Mode"
+"postgresModeLocalDesc" = "Panel-managed PostgreSQL on this server (127.0.0.1:5432)."
+"postgresModeExternalDesc" = "Connect to an existing PostgreSQL server."
+"postgresModeLocal" = "Local (panel-managed)"
+"postgresModeExternal" = "External"
+"postgresInstallation" = "PostgreSQL Installation"
+"postgresInstallReady" = "PostgreSQL is ready to use."
+"postgresInstallNeedRoot" = "Auto-install requires root and a non-Docker environment."
+"postgresInstallHint" = "Click Install to set up PostgreSQL automatically."
+"postgresAlreadyInstalled" = "Already installed"
+"postgresInstallBtn" = "Install PostgreSQL"
+"host" = "Host"
+"port" = "Port"
+"dbName" = "Database Name"
+"user" = "User"
+"password" = "Password"
+"passwordHint" = "Leave empty to keep the stored password."
+"sslMode" = "SSL Mode"
+"actions" = "Actions"
+"actionsDesc" = "Data is migrated automatically. A portable backup is saved before switching, and the panel restarts."
+"testConnection" = "Test Connection"
+"switchDatabase" = "Switch Database"
+"switchDatabaseTitle" = "Switch database backend"
+"switchDatabaseConfirm" = "The panel will create a portable backup, migrate all data, and restart itself. Continue?"
+"backupRestore" = "Backup & Restore"
+"exportPortableLabel" = "Export Portable"
+"exportPortableDesc" = "Cross-platform backup (works with both SQLite and PostgreSQL, also sent by Telegram bot)."
+"exportNativeSQLiteLabel" = "Export Native SQLite"
+"exportNativeSQLiteDesc" = "Raw database file, only available while SQLite is active."
+"importLabel" = "Import"
+"importDesc" = "Restore from a portable (.xui-backup) or legacy SQLite (.db) file."
+"exportPortableBtn" = "Export Portable Backup"
+"exportNativeSQLiteBtn" = "Export Native SQLite"
+"importBtn" = "Import Backup"
+
 [pages.settings.security]
 "admin" = "Credenciales de administrador"
 "twoFactor" = "Autenticación de dos factores"

web/translation/translate.fa_IR.toml

@@ -589,6 +589,50 @@
 "ipPool" = "زیرشبکه استخر آی‌پی"
 "poolSize" = "اندازه استخر"
 
+[pages.settings.database]
+"sectionTitle" = "Database"
+"backend" = "Backend"
+"backendDesc" = "Runtime database configuration is stored outside the panel database."
+"configSource" = "Config Source"
+"configSourceEnvDesc" = "This database backend is controlled by environment variables and cannot be changed here."
+"configSourceDefaultDesc" = "No configuration file saved yet. Built-in defaults are active (SQLite)."
+"configSourceDesc" = "Current source:"
+"sqlitePath" = "SQLite Path"
+"postgresMode" = "PostgreSQL Mode"
+"postgresModeLocalDesc" = "Panel-managed PostgreSQL on this server (127.0.0.1:5432)."
+"postgresModeExternalDesc" = "Connect to an existing PostgreSQL server."
+"postgresModeLocal" = "Local (panel-managed)"
+"postgresModeExternal" = "External"
+"postgresInstallation" = "PostgreSQL Installation"
+"postgresInstallReady" = "PostgreSQL is ready to use."
+"postgresInstallNeedRoot" = "Auto-install requires root and a non-Docker environment."
+"postgresInstallHint" = "Click Install to set up PostgreSQL automatically."
+"postgresAlreadyInstalled" = "Already installed"
+"postgresInstallBtn" = "Install PostgreSQL"
+"host" = "Host"
+"port" = "Port"
+"dbName" = "Database Name"
+"user" = "User"
+"password" = "Password"
+"passwordHint" = "Leave empty to keep the stored password."
+"sslMode" = "SSL Mode"
+"actions" = "Actions"
+"actionsDesc" = "Data is migrated automatically. A portable backup is saved before switching, and the panel restarts."
+"testConnection" = "Test Connection"
+"switchDatabase" = "Switch Database"
+"switchDatabaseTitle" = "Switch database backend"
+"switchDatabaseConfirm" = "The panel will create a portable backup, migrate all data, and restart itself. Continue?"
+"backupRestore" = "Backup & Restore"
+"exportPortableLabel" = "Export Portable"
+"exportPortableDesc" = "Cross-platform backup (works with both SQLite and PostgreSQL, also sent by Telegram bot)."
+"exportNativeSQLiteLabel" = "Export Native SQLite"
+"exportNativeSQLiteDesc" = "Raw database file, only available while SQLite is active."
+"importLabel" = "Import"
+"importDesc" = "Restore from a portable (.xui-backup) or legacy SQLite (.db) file."
+"exportPortableBtn" = "Export Portable Backup"
+"exportNativeSQLiteBtn" = "Export Native SQLite"
+"importBtn" = "Import Backup"
+
 [pages.settings.security]
 "admin" = "اعتبارنامه‌های ادمین"
 "twoFactor" = "احراز هویت دو مرحله‌ای"

web/translation/translate.id_ID.toml

@@ -589,6 +589,50 @@
 "ipPool" = "Subnet Kumpulan IP"
 "poolSize" = "Ukuran Kolam"
 
+[pages.settings.database]
+"sectionTitle" = "Database"
+"backend" = "Backend"
+"backendDesc" = "Runtime database configuration is stored outside the panel database."
+"configSource" = "Config Source"
+"configSourceEnvDesc" = "This database backend is controlled by environment variables and cannot be changed here."
+"configSourceDefaultDesc" = "No configuration file saved yet. Built-in defaults are active (SQLite)."
+"configSourceDesc" = "Current source:"
+"sqlitePath" = "SQLite Path"
+"postgresMode" = "PostgreSQL Mode"
+"postgresModeLocalDesc" = "Panel-managed PostgreSQL on this server (127.0.0.1:5432)."
+"postgresModeExternalDesc" = "Connect to an existing PostgreSQL server."
+"postgresModeLocal" = "Local (panel-managed)"
+"postgresModeExternal" = "External"
+"postgresInstallation" = "PostgreSQL Installation"
+"postgresInstallReady" = "PostgreSQL is ready to use."
+"postgresInstallNeedRoot" = "Auto-install requires root and a non-Docker environment."
+"postgresInstallHint" = "Click Install to set up PostgreSQL automatically."
+"postgresAlreadyInstalled" = "Already installed"
+"postgresInstallBtn" = "Install PostgreSQL"
+"host" = "Host"
+"port" = "Port"
+"dbName" = "Database Name"
+"user" = "User"
+"password" = "Password"
+"passwordHint" = "Leave empty to keep the stored password."
+"sslMode" = "SSL Mode"
+"actions" = "Actions"
+"actionsDesc" = "Data is migrated automatically. A portable backup is saved before switching, and the panel restarts."
+"testConnection" = "Test Connection"
+"switchDatabase" = "Switch Database"
+"switchDatabaseTitle" = "Switch database backend"
+"switchDatabaseConfirm" = "The panel will create a portable backup, migrate all data, and restart itself. Continue?"
+"backupRestore" = "Backup & Restore"
+"exportPortableLabel" = "Export Portable"
+"exportPortableDesc" = "Cross-platform backup (works with both SQLite and PostgreSQL, also sent by Telegram bot)."
+"exportNativeSQLiteLabel" = "Export Native SQLite"
+"exportNativeSQLiteDesc" = "Raw database file, only available while SQLite is active."
+"importLabel" = "Import"
+"importDesc" = "Restore from a portable (.xui-backup) or legacy SQLite (.db) file."
+"exportPortableBtn" = "Export Portable Backup"
+"exportNativeSQLiteBtn" = "Export Native SQLite"
+"importBtn" = "Import Backup"
+
 [pages.settings.security]
 "admin" = "Kredensial admin"
 "twoFactor" = "Autentikasi dua faktor"

web/translation/translate.ja_JP.toml

@@ -589,6 +589,50 @@
 "ipPool" = "IPプールサブネット"
 "poolSize" = "プールサイズ"
 
+[pages.settings.database]
+"sectionTitle" = "Database"
+"backend" = "Backend"
+"backendDesc" = "Runtime database configuration is stored outside the panel database."
+"configSource" = "Config Source"
+"configSourceEnvDesc" = "This database backend is controlled by environment variables and cannot be changed here."
+"configSourceDefaultDesc" = "No configuration file saved yet. Built-in defaults are active (SQLite)."
+"configSourceDesc" = "Current source:"
+"sqlitePath" = "SQLite Path"
+"postgresMode" = "PostgreSQL Mode"
+"postgresModeLocalDesc" = "Panel-managed PostgreSQL on this server (127.0.0.1:5432)."
+"postgresModeExternalDesc" = "Connect to an existing PostgreSQL server."
+"postgresModeLocal" = "Local (panel-managed)"
+"postgresModeExternal" = "External"
+"postgresInstallation" = "PostgreSQL Installation"
+"postgresInstallReady" = "PostgreSQL is ready to use."
+"postgresInstallNeedRoot" = "Auto-install requires root and a non-Docker environment."
+"postgresInstallHint" = "Click Install to set up PostgreSQL automatically."
+"postgresAlreadyInstalled" = "Already installed"
+"postgresInstallBtn" = "Install PostgreSQL"
+"host" = "Host"
+"port" = "Port"
+"dbName" = "Database Name"
+"user" = "User"
+"password" = "Password"
+"passwordHint" = "Leave empty to keep the stored password."
+"sslMode" = "SSL Mode"
+"actions" = "Actions"
+"actionsDesc" = "Data is migrated automatically. A portable backup is saved before switching, and the panel restarts."
+"testConnection" = "Test Connection"
+"switchDatabase" = "Switch Database"
+"switchDatabaseTitle" = "Switch database backend"
+"switchDatabaseConfirm" = "The panel will create a portable backup, migrate all data, and restart itself. Continue?"
+"backupRestore" = "Backup & Restore"
+"exportPortableLabel" = "Export Portable"
+"exportPortableDesc" = "Cross-platform backup (works with both SQLite and PostgreSQL, also sent by Telegram bot)."
+"exportNativeSQLiteLabel" = "Export Native SQLite"
+"exportNativeSQLiteDesc" = "Raw database file, only available while SQLite is active."
+"importLabel" = "Import"
+"importDesc" = "Restore from a portable (.xui-backup) or legacy SQLite (.db) file."
+"exportPortableBtn" = "Export Portable Backup"
+"exportNativeSQLiteBtn" = "Export Native SQLite"
+"importBtn" = "Import Backup"
+
 [pages.settings.security]
 "admin" = "管理者の資格情報"
 "twoFactor" = "二段階認証"

web/translation/translate.pt_BR.toml

@@ -589,6 +589,50 @@
 "ipPool" = "Sub-rede do Pool de IP"
 "poolSize" = "Tamanho do Pool"
 
+[pages.settings.database]
+"sectionTitle" = "Database"
+"backend" = "Backend"
+"backendDesc" = "Runtime database configuration is stored outside the panel database."
+"configSource" = "Config Source"
+"configSourceEnvDesc" = "This database backend is controlled by environment variables and cannot be changed here."
+"configSourceDefaultDesc" = "No configuration file saved yet. Built-in defaults are active (SQLite)."
+"configSourceDesc" = "Current source:"
+"sqlitePath" = "SQLite Path"
+"postgresMode" = "PostgreSQL Mode"
+"postgresModeLocalDesc" = "Panel-managed PostgreSQL on this server (127.0.0.1:5432)."
+"postgresModeExternalDesc" = "Connect to an existing PostgreSQL server."
+"postgresModeLocal" = "Local (panel-managed)"
+"postgresModeExternal" = "External"
+"postgresInstallation" = "PostgreSQL Installation"
+"postgresInstallReady" = "PostgreSQL is ready to use."
+"postgresInstallNeedRoot" = "Auto-install requires root and a non-Docker environment."
+"postgresInstallHint" = "Click Install to set up PostgreSQL automatically."
+"postgresAlreadyInstalled" = "Already installed"
+"postgresInstallBtn" = "Install PostgreSQL"
+"host" = "Host"
+"port" = "Port"
+"dbName" = "Database Name"
+"user" = "User"
+"password" = "Password"
+"passwordHint" = "Leave empty to keep the stored password."
+"sslMode" = "SSL Mode"
+"actions" = "Actions"
+"actionsDesc" = "Data is migrated automatically. A portable backup is saved before switching, and the panel restarts."
+"testConnection" = "Test Connection"
+"switchDatabase" = "Switch Database"
+"switchDatabaseTitle" = "Switch database backend"
+"switchDatabaseConfirm" = "The panel will create a portable backup, migrate all data, and restart itself. Continue?"
+"backupRestore" = "Backup & Restore"
+"exportPortableLabel" = "Export Portable"
+"exportPortableDesc" = "Cross-platform backup (works with both SQLite and PostgreSQL, also sent by Telegram bot)."
+"exportNativeSQLiteLabel" = "Export Native SQLite"
+"exportNativeSQLiteDesc" = "Raw database file, only available while SQLite is active."
+"importLabel" = "Import"
+"importDesc" = "Restore from a portable (.xui-backup) or legacy SQLite (.db) file."
+"exportPortableBtn" = "Export Portable Backup"
+"exportNativeSQLiteBtn" = "Export Native SQLite"
+"importBtn" = "Import Backup"
+
 [pages.settings.security]
 "admin" = "Credenciais de administrador"
 "twoFactor" = "Autenticação de dois fatores"

web/translation/translate.ru_RU.toml

@@ -589,6 +589,50 @@
 "ipPool" = "Подсеть пула IP"
 "poolSize" = "Размер пула"
 
+[pages.settings.database]
+"sectionTitle" = "База данных"
+"backend" = "Бэкенд"
+"backendDesc" = "Конфигурация базы данных хранится вне самой базы данных панели."
+"configSource" = "Источник конфигурации"
+"configSourceEnvDesc" = "Бэкенд базы данных управляется переменными окружения и не может быть изменён здесь."
+"configSourceDefaultDesc" = "Файл конфигурации ещё не сохранён. Активны встроенные настройки по умолчанию (SQLite)."
+"configSourceDesc" = "Текущий источник:"
+"sqlitePath" = "Путь к SQLite"
+"postgresMode" = "Режим PostgreSQL"
+"postgresModeLocalDesc" = "PostgreSQL, управляемый панелью на этом сервере (127.0.0.1:5432)."
+"postgresModeExternalDesc" = "Подключение к существующему серверу PostgreSQL."
+"postgresModeLocal" = "Локальный (управляется панелью)"
+"postgresModeExternal" = "Внешний"
+"postgresInstallation" = "Установка PostgreSQL"
+"postgresInstallReady" = "PostgreSQL установлен и готов к работе."
+"postgresInstallNeedRoot" = "Автоустановка требует прав root и среды не-Docker."
+"postgresInstallHint" = "Нажмите «Установить» для автоматической настройки PostgreSQL."
+"postgresAlreadyInstalled" = "Уже установлен"
+"postgresInstallBtn" = "Установить PostgreSQL"
+"host" = "Хост"
+"port" = "Порт"
+"dbName" = "Имя базы данных"
+"user" = "Пользователь"
+"password" = "Пароль"
+"passwordHint" = "Оставьте пустым, чтобы сохранить текущий пароль."
+"sslMode" = "Режим SSL"
+"actions" = "Действия"
+"actionsDesc" = "Данные мигрируют автоматически. Перед переключением создаётся портативная резервная копия, затем панель перезапускается."
+"testConnection" = "Проверить подключение"
+"switchDatabase" = "Переключить базу данных"
+"switchDatabaseTitle" = "Переключение бэкенда базы данных"
+"switchDatabaseConfirm" = "Панель создаст портативную резервную копию, перенесёт все данные и перезапустится. Продолжить?"
+"backupRestore" = "Резервное копирование и восстановление"
+"exportPortableLabel" = "Портативный экспорт"
+"exportPortableDesc" = "Кроссплатформенная резервная копия (работает с SQLite и PostgreSQL, также отправляется Telegram-ботом)."
+"exportNativeSQLiteLabel" = "Нативный SQLite"
+"exportNativeSQLiteDesc" = "Файл базы данных SQLite, доступен только при активном SQLite-бэкенде."
+"importLabel" = "Импорт"
+"importDesc" = "Восстановление из портативной резервной копии (.xui-backup) или устаревшего файла SQLite (.db)."
+"exportPortableBtn" = "Экспорт портативной копии"
+"exportNativeSQLiteBtn" = "Экспорт SQLite"
+"importBtn" = "Импортировать резервную копию"
+
 [pages.settings.security]
 "admin" = "Учетные данные администратора"
 "twoFactor" = "Двухфакторная аутентификация"

web/translation/translate.tr_TR.toml

@@ -589,6 +589,50 @@
 "ipPool" = "IP Havuzu Alt Ağı"
 "poolSize" = "Havuz Boyutu"
 
+[pages.settings.database]
+"sectionTitle" = "Database"
+"backend" = "Backend"
+"backendDesc" = "Runtime database configuration is stored outside the panel database."
+"configSource" = "Config Source"
+"configSourceEnvDesc" = "This database backend is controlled by environment variables and cannot be changed here."
+"configSourceDefaultDesc" = "No configuration file saved yet. Built-in defaults are active (SQLite)."
+"configSourceDesc" = "Current source:"
+"sqlitePath" = "SQLite Path"
+"postgresMode" = "PostgreSQL Mode"
+"postgresModeLocalDesc" = "Panel-managed PostgreSQL on this server (127.0.0.1:5432)."
+"postgresModeExternalDesc" = "Connect to an existing PostgreSQL server."
+"postgresModeLocal" = "Local (panel-managed)"
+"postgresModeExternal" = "External"
+"postgresInstallation" = "PostgreSQL Installation"
+"postgresInstallReady" = "PostgreSQL is ready to use."
+"postgresInstallNeedRoot" = "Auto-install requires root and a non-Docker environment."
+"postgresInstallHint" = "Click Install to set up PostgreSQL automatically."
+"postgresAlreadyInstalled" = "Already installed"
+"postgresInstallBtn" = "Install PostgreSQL"
+"host" = "Host"
+"port" = "Port"
+"dbName" = "Database Name"
+"user" = "User"
+"password" = "Password"
+"passwordHint" = "Leave empty to keep the stored password."
+"sslMode" = "SSL Mode"
+"actions" = "Actions"
+"actionsDesc" = "Data is migrated automatically. A portable backup is saved before switching, and the panel restarts."
+"testConnection" = "Test Connection"
+"switchDatabase" = "Switch Database"
+"switchDatabaseTitle" = "Switch database backend"
+"switchDatabaseConfirm" = "The panel will create a portable backup, migrate all data, and restart itself. Continue?"
+"backupRestore" = "Backup & Restore"
+"exportPortableLabel" = "Export Portable"
+"exportPortableDesc" = "Cross-platform backup (works with both SQLite and PostgreSQL, also sent by Telegram bot)."
+"exportNativeSQLiteLabel" = "Export Native SQLite"
+"exportNativeSQLiteDesc" = "Raw database file, only available while SQLite is active."
+"importLabel" = "Import"
+"importDesc" = "Restore from a portable (.xui-backup) or legacy SQLite (.db) file."
+"exportPortableBtn" = "Export Portable Backup"
+"exportNativeSQLiteBtn" = "Export Native SQLite"
+"importBtn" = "Import Backup"
+
 [pages.settings.security]
 "admin" = "Yönetici kimlik bilgileri"
 "twoFactor" = "İki adımlı doğrulama"

web/translation/translate.uk_UA.toml

@@ -589,6 +589,50 @@
 "ipPool" = "Підмережа IP-пулу"
 "poolSize" = "Розмір пулу"
 
+[pages.settings.database]
+"sectionTitle" = "Database"
+"backend" = "Backend"
+"backendDesc" = "Runtime database configuration is stored outside the panel database."
+"configSource" = "Config Source"
+"configSourceEnvDesc" = "This database backend is controlled by environment variables and cannot be changed here."
+"configSourceDefaultDesc" = "No configuration file saved yet. Built-in defaults are active (SQLite)."
+"configSourceDesc" = "Current source:"
+"sqlitePath" = "SQLite Path"
+"postgresMode" = "PostgreSQL Mode"
+"postgresModeLocalDesc" = "Panel-managed PostgreSQL on this server (127.0.0.1:5432)."
+"postgresModeExternalDesc" = "Connect to an existing PostgreSQL server."
+"postgresModeLocal" = "Local (panel-managed)"
+"postgresModeExternal" = "External"
+"postgresInstallation" = "PostgreSQL Installation"
+"postgresInstallReady" = "PostgreSQL is ready to use."
+"postgresInstallNeedRoot" = "Auto-install requires root and a non-Docker environment."
+"postgresInstallHint" = "Click Install to set up PostgreSQL automatically."
+"postgresAlreadyInstalled" = "Already installed"
+"postgresInstallBtn" = "Install PostgreSQL"
+"host" = "Host"
+"port" = "Port"
+"dbName" = "Database Name"
+"user" = "User"
+"password" = "Password"
+"passwordHint" = "Leave empty to keep the stored password."
+"sslMode" = "SSL Mode"
+"actions" = "Actions"
+"actionsDesc" = "Data is migrated automatically. A portable backup is saved before switching, and the panel restarts."
+"testConnection" = "Test Connection"
+"switchDatabase" = "Switch Database"
+"switchDatabaseTitle" = "Switch database backend"
+"switchDatabaseConfirm" = "The panel will create a portable backup, migrate all data, and restart itself. Continue?"
+"backupRestore" = "Backup & Restore"
+"exportPortableLabel" = "Export Portable"
+"exportPortableDesc" = "Cross-platform backup (works with both SQLite and PostgreSQL, also sent by Telegram bot)."
+"exportNativeSQLiteLabel" = "Export Native SQLite"
+"exportNativeSQLiteDesc" = "Raw database file, only available while SQLite is active."
+"importLabel" = "Import"
+"importDesc" = "Restore from a portable (.xui-backup) or legacy SQLite (.db) file."
+"exportPortableBtn" = "Export Portable Backup"
+"exportNativeSQLiteBtn" = "Export Native SQLite"
+"importBtn" = "Import Backup"
+
 [pages.settings.security]
 "admin" = "Облікові дані адміністратора"
 "twoFactor" = "Двофакторна аутентифікація"

web/translation/translate.vi_VN.toml

@@ -589,6 +589,50 @@
 "ipPool" = "Mạng con nhóm IP"
 "poolSize" = "Kích thước bể bơi"
 
+[pages.settings.database]
+"sectionTitle" = "Database"
+"backend" = "Backend"
+"backendDesc" = "Runtime database configuration is stored outside the panel database."
+"configSource" = "Config Source"
+"configSourceEnvDesc" = "This database backend is controlled by environment variables and cannot be changed here."
+"configSourceDefaultDesc" = "No configuration file saved yet. Built-in defaults are active (SQLite)."
+"configSourceDesc" = "Current source:"
+"sqlitePath" = "SQLite Path"
+"postgresMode" = "PostgreSQL Mode"
+"postgresModeLocalDesc" = "Panel-managed PostgreSQL on this server (127.0.0.1:5432)."
+"postgresModeExternalDesc" = "Connect to an existing PostgreSQL server."
+"postgresModeLocal" = "Local (panel-managed)"
+"postgresModeExternal" = "External"
+"postgresInstallation" = "PostgreSQL Installation"
+"postgresInstallReady" = "PostgreSQL is ready to use."
+"postgresInstallNeedRoot" = "Auto-install requires root and a non-Docker environment."
+"postgresInstallHint" = "Click Install to set up PostgreSQL automatically."
+"postgresAlreadyInstalled" = "Already installed"
+"postgresInstallBtn" = "Install PostgreSQL"
+"host" = "Host"
+"port" = "Port"
+"dbName" = "Database Name"
+"user" = "User"
+"password" = "Password"
+"passwordHint" = "Leave empty to keep the stored password."
+"sslMode" = "SSL Mode"
+"actions" = "Actions"
+"actionsDesc" = "Data is migrated automatically. A portable backup is saved before switching, and the panel restarts."
+"testConnection" = "Test Connection"
+"switchDatabase" = "Switch Database"
+"switchDatabaseTitle" = "Switch database backend"
+"switchDatabaseConfirm" = "The panel will create a portable backup, migrate all data, and restart itself. Continue?"
+"backupRestore" = "Backup & Restore"
+"exportPortableLabel" = "Export Portable"
+"exportPortableDesc" = "Cross-platform backup (works with both SQLite and PostgreSQL, also sent by Telegram bot)."
+"exportNativeSQLiteLabel" = "Export Native SQLite"
+"exportNativeSQLiteDesc" = "Raw database file, only available while SQLite is active."
+"importLabel" = "Import"
+"importDesc" = "Restore from a portable (.xui-backup) or legacy SQLite (.db) file."
+"exportPortableBtn" = "Export Portable Backup"
+"exportNativeSQLiteBtn" = "Export Native SQLite"
+"importBtn" = "Import Backup"
+
 [pages.settings.security]
 "admin" = "Thông tin đăng nhập quản trị viên"
 "twoFactor" = "Xác thực hai yếu tố"

web/translation/translate.zh_CN.toml

@@ -589,6 +589,50 @@
 "ipPool" = "IP 池子网"
 "poolSize" = "池大小"
 
+[pages.settings.database]
+"sectionTitle" = "Database"
+"backend" = "Backend"
+"backendDesc" = "Runtime database configuration is stored outside the panel database."
+"configSource" = "Config Source"
+"configSourceEnvDesc" = "This database backend is controlled by environment variables and cannot be changed here."
+"configSourceDefaultDesc" = "No configuration file saved yet. Built-in defaults are active (SQLite)."
+"configSourceDesc" = "Current source:"
+"sqlitePath" = "SQLite Path"
+"postgresMode" = "PostgreSQL Mode"
+"postgresModeLocalDesc" = "Panel-managed PostgreSQL on this server (127.0.0.1:5432)."
+"postgresModeExternalDesc" = "Connect to an existing PostgreSQL server."
+"postgresModeLocal" = "Local (panel-managed)"
+"postgresModeExternal" = "External"
+"postgresInstallation" = "PostgreSQL Installation"
+"postgresInstallReady" = "PostgreSQL is ready to use."
+"postgresInstallNeedRoot" = "Auto-install requires root and a non-Docker environment."
+"postgresInstallHint" = "Click Install to set up PostgreSQL automatically."
+"postgresAlreadyInstalled" = "Already installed"
+"postgresInstallBtn" = "Install PostgreSQL"
+"host" = "Host"
+"port" = "Port"
+"dbName" = "Database Name"
+"user" = "User"
+"password" = "Password"
+"passwordHint" = "Leave empty to keep the stored password."
+"sslMode" = "SSL Mode"
+"actions" = "Actions"
+"actionsDesc" = "Data is migrated automatically. A portable backup is saved before switching, and the panel restarts."
+"testConnection" = "Test Connection"
+"switchDatabase" = "Switch Database"
+"switchDatabaseTitle" = "Switch database backend"
+"switchDatabaseConfirm" = "The panel will create a portable backup, migrate all data, and restart itself. Continue?"
+"backupRestore" = "Backup & Restore"
+"exportPortableLabel" = "Export Portable"
+"exportPortableDesc" = "Cross-platform backup (works with both SQLite and PostgreSQL, also sent by Telegram bot)."
+"exportNativeSQLiteLabel" = "Export Native SQLite"
+"exportNativeSQLiteDesc" = "Raw database file, only available while SQLite is active."
+"importLabel" = "Import"
+"importDesc" = "Restore from a portable (.xui-backup) or legacy SQLite (.db) file."
+"exportPortableBtn" = "Export Portable Backup"
+"exportNativeSQLiteBtn" = "Export Native SQLite"
+"importBtn" = "Import Backup"
+
 [pages.settings.security]
 "admin" = "管理员凭据"
 "twoFactor" = "双重验证"

web/translation/translate.zh_TW.toml

@@ -589,6 +589,50 @@
 "ipPool" = "IP 池子網"
 "poolSize" = "池大小"
 
+[pages.settings.database]
+"sectionTitle" = "Database"
+"backend" = "Backend"
+"backendDesc" = "Runtime database configuration is stored outside the panel database."
+"configSource" = "Config Source"
+"configSourceEnvDesc" = "This database backend is controlled by environment variables and cannot be changed here."
+"configSourceDefaultDesc" = "No configuration file saved yet. Built-in defaults are active (SQLite)."
+"configSourceDesc" = "Current source:"
+"sqlitePath" = "SQLite Path"
+"postgresMode" = "PostgreSQL Mode"
+"postgresModeLocalDesc" = "Panel-managed PostgreSQL on this server (127.0.0.1:5432)."
+"postgresModeExternalDesc" = "Connect to an existing PostgreSQL server."
+"postgresModeLocal" = "Local (panel-managed)"
+"postgresModeExternal" = "External"
+"postgresInstallation" = "PostgreSQL Installation"
+"postgresInstallReady" = "PostgreSQL is ready to use."
+"postgresInstallNeedRoot" = "Auto-install requires root and a non-Docker environment."
+"postgresInstallHint" = "Click Install to set up PostgreSQL automatically."
+"postgresAlreadyInstalled" = "Already installed"
+"postgresInstallBtn" = "Install PostgreSQL"
+"host" = "Host"
+"port" = "Port"
+"dbName" = "Database Name"
+"user" = "User"
+"password" = "Password"
+"passwordHint" = "Leave empty to keep the stored password."
+"sslMode" = "SSL Mode"
+"actions" = "Actions"
+"actionsDesc" = "Data is migrated automatically. A portable backup is saved before switching, and the panel restarts."
+"testConnection" = "Test Connection"
+"switchDatabase" = "Switch Database"
+"switchDatabaseTitle" = "Switch database backend"
+"switchDatabaseConfirm" = "The panel will create a portable backup, migrate all data, and restart itself. Continue?"
+"backupRestore" = "Backup & Restore"
+"exportPortableLabel" = "Export Portable"
+"exportPortableDesc" = "Cross-platform backup (works with both SQLite and PostgreSQL, also sent by Telegram bot)."
+"exportNativeSQLiteLabel" = "Export Native SQLite"
+"exportNativeSQLiteDesc" = "Raw database file, only available while SQLite is active."
+"importLabel" = "Import"
+"importDesc" = "Restore from a portable (.xui-backup) or legacy SQLite (.db) file."
+"exportPortableBtn" = "Export Portable Backup"
+"exportNativeSQLiteBtn" = "Export Native SQLite"
+"importBtn" = "Import Backup"
+
 [pages.settings.security]
 "admin" = "管理員憑證"
 "twoFactor" = "雙重驗證"

x-ui.sh

@@ -1672,6 +1672,133 @@ run_speedtest() {
     speedtest
 }
 
+database_management() {
+    echo -e "\n${green}\t1.${plain} Show Current Database Backend"
+    echo -e "${green}\t2.${plain} Install Local PostgreSQL"
+    echo -e "${green}\t3.${plain} Switch Database Backend"
+    echo -e "${green}\t4.${plain} Export Portable Backup"
+    echo -e "${green}\t5.${plain} Export Native SQLite"
+    echo -e "${green}\t6.${plain} Import Backup"
+    echo -e "${green}\t0.${plain} Back to Main Menu"
+    read -rp "Choose an option: " db_choice
+
+    case "${db_choice}" in
+    0)
+        show_menu
+        ;;
+    1)
+        ${xui_folder}/x-ui database show
+        before_show_menu
+        ;;
+    2)
+        ${xui_folder}/x-ui database install-postgres
+        before_show_menu
+        ;;
+    3)
+        local db_backend=""
+        local pg_mode=""
+        local sqlite_path=""
+        local pg_host="127.0.0.1"
+        local pg_port="5432"
+        local pg_db="xui"
+        local pg_user="xui"
+        local pg_pass=""
+        local pg_sslmode="disable"
+
+        echo -e "${green}1.${plain} SQLite"
+        echo -e "${green}2.${plain} PostgreSQL"
+        read -rp "Choose database backend (default 1): " db_backend
+        db_backend="${db_backend// /}"
+
+        if [[ "${db_backend}" != "2" ]]; then
+            read -rp "SQLite path [/etc/x-ui/x-ui.db]: " sqlite_path
+            sqlite_path="${sqlite_path:-/etc/x-ui/x-ui.db}"
+            ${xui_folder}/x-ui database switch -driver sqlite -sqlite-path "${sqlite_path}"
+            confirm_restart
+            return
+        fi
+
+        echo -e "${green}1.${plain} Local PostgreSQL"
+        echo -e "${green}2.${plain} External PostgreSQL"
+        read -rp "Choose PostgreSQL mode (default 1): " pg_mode
+        pg_mode="${pg_mode// /}"
+
+        if [[ "${pg_mode}" != "2" ]]; then
+            read -rp "Host [127.0.0.1]: " pg_host
+            pg_host="${pg_host:-127.0.0.1}"
+            read -rp "Port [5432]: " pg_port
+            pg_port="${pg_port:-5432}"
+            read -rp "Database name [xui]: " pg_db
+            pg_db="${pg_db:-xui}"
+            read -rp "Username [xui]: " pg_user
+            pg_user="${pg_user:-xui}"
+            read -rp "Password [random]: " pg_pass
+            [[ -z "${pg_pass}" ]] && pg_pass=$(gen_random_string 18)
+            ${xui_folder}/x-ui database switch \
+                -driver postgres \
+                -postgres-mode local \
+                -postgres-host "${pg_host}" \
+                -postgres-port "${pg_port}" \
+                -postgres-db "${pg_db}" \
+                -postgres-user "${pg_user}" \
+                -postgres-password "${pg_pass}" \
+                -postgres-local true
+        else
+            read -rp "Host: " pg_host
+            if [[ -z "${pg_host}" ]]; then
+                LOGE "Host is required."
+                before_show_menu
+                return
+            fi
+            read -rp "Port [5432]: " pg_port
+            pg_port="${pg_port:-5432}"
+            read -rp "Database name [xui]: " pg_db
+            pg_db="${pg_db:-xui}"
+            read -rp "Username [xui]: " pg_user
+            pg_user="${pg_user:-xui}"
+            read -rp "Password: " pg_pass
+            read -rp "SSL mode [disable]: " pg_sslmode
+            pg_sslmode="${pg_sslmode:-disable}"
+            ${xui_folder}/x-ui database switch \
+                -driver postgres \
+                -postgres-mode external \
+                -postgres-host "${pg_host}" \
+                -postgres-port "${pg_port}" \
+                -postgres-db "${pg_db}" \
+                -postgres-user "${pg_user}" \
+                -postgres-password "${pg_pass}" \
+                -postgres-sslmode "${pg_sslmode}" \
+                -postgres-local false
+        fi
+        confirm_restart
+        ;;
+    4)
+        read -rp "Output path or directory [current directory]: " export_path
+        ${xui_folder}/x-ui database export -type portable -out "${export_path}"
+        before_show_menu
+        ;;
+    5)
+        read -rp "Output path or directory [current directory]: " export_path
+        ${xui_folder}/x-ui database export -type sqlite -out "${export_path}"
+        before_show_menu
+        ;;
+    6)
+        read -rp "Backup file path: " import_path
+        if [[ -z "${import_path}" ]]; then
+            LOGE "Backup file path is required."
+            before_show_menu
+            return
+        fi
+        ${xui_folder}/x-ui database import -file "${import_path}"
+        confirm_restart
+        ;;
+    *)
+        LOGE "Invalid option."
+        database_management
+        ;;
+    esac
+}
+
 
 
 ip_validation() {
@@ -2217,10 +2344,11 @@ show_menu() {
 │  ${green}24.${plain} Enable BBR                                │
 │  ${green}25.${plain} Update Geo Files                          │
 │  ${green}26.${plain} Speedtest by Ookla                        │
+│  ${green}27.${plain} Database Management                       │
 ╚────────────────────────────────────────────────╝
 "
     show_status
-    echo && read -rp "Please enter your selection [0-26]: " num
+    echo && read -rp "Please enter your selection [0-27]: " num
 
     case "${num}" in
     0)
@@ -2304,8 +2432,11 @@ show_menu() {
     26)
         run_speedtest
         ;;
+    27)
+        database_management
+        ;;
     *)
-        LOGE "Please enter the correct number [0-26]"
+        LOGE "Please enter the correct number [0-27]"
         ;;
     esac
 }