diff --git a/database/db.go b/database/db.go
index 48b5538c..e6bfb519 100644
--- a/database/db.go
+++ b/database/db.go
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ package database
 import (
 	"bytes"
 	"errors"
+	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"io/fs"
 	"log"
@@ -17,6 +18,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/mhsanaei/3x-ui/v2/util/crypto"
 	"github.com/mhsanaei/3x-ui/v2/xray"
 
+	"gorm.io/driver/mysql"
 	"gorm.io/driver/sqlite"
 	"gorm.io/gorm"
 	"gorm.io/gorm/logger"
@@ -135,7 +137,57 @@ func isTableEmpty(tableName string) (bool, error) {
 }
 
 // InitDB sets up the database connection, migrates models, and runs seeders.
-func InitDB(dbPath string) error {
+// It reads the dbType from the JSON config to determine whether to use SQLite or MariaDB.
+func InitDB() error {
+	dbType := config.GetDBTypeFromJSON()
+
+	var err error
+	switch dbType {
+	case "mariadb":
+		err = initMariaDB()
+	default:
+		err = initSQLite(config.GetDBPath())
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if err := initModels(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if err := initUser(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	isUsersEmpty, err := isTableEmpty("users")
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return runSeeders(isUsersEmpty)
+}
+
+// InitDBWithPath is a convenience function for tests and migrations that need
+// to open a specific SQLite file.
+func InitDBWithPath(dbPath string) error {
+	if err := initSQLite(dbPath); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if err := initModels(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if err := initUser(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	isUsersEmpty, err := isTableEmpty("users")
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return runSeeders(isUsersEmpty)
+}
+
+// initSQLite opens a SQLite database connection and runs model migrations.
+func initSQLite(dbPath string) error {
 	dir := path.Dir(dbPath)
 	err := os.MkdirAll(dir, fs.ModePerm)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -158,19 +210,33 @@ func InitDB(dbPath string) error {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	if err := initModels(); err != nil {
-		return err
+	return nil
+}
+
+// initMariaDB opens a MariaDB connection and runs model migrations.
+func initMariaDB() error {
+	dbConfig := config.GetDBConfigFromJSON()
+
+	dsn := fmt.Sprintf("%s:%s@tcp(%s:%s)/%s?charset=utf8mb4&parseTime=True&loc=Local",
+		dbConfig.User, dbConfig.Password, dbConfig.Host, dbConfig.Port, dbConfig.Name)
+
+	var gormLogger logger.Interface
+	if config.IsDebug() {
+		gormLogger = logger.Default
+	} else {
+		gormLogger = logger.Discard
 	}
 
-	isUsersEmpty, err := isTableEmpty("users")
+	var err error
+	c := &gorm.Config{
+		Logger: gormLogger,
+	}
+	db, err = gorm.Open(mysql.Open(dsn), c)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	if err := initUser(); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	return runSeeders(isUsersEmpty)
+	return nil
 }
 
 // CloseDB closes the database connection if it exists.
@@ -207,13 +273,12 @@ func IsSQLiteDB(file io.ReaderAt) (bool, error) {
 }
 
 // Checkpoint performs a WAL checkpoint on the SQLite database to ensure data consistency.
+// For MariaDB, this is a no-op.
 func Checkpoint() error {
-	// Update WAL
-	err := db.Exec("PRAGMA wal_checkpoint;").Error
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
+	if config.GetDBTypeFromJSON() != "sqlite" {
+		return nil
 	}
-	return nil
+	return db.Exec("PRAGMA wal_checkpoint;").Error
 }
 
 // ValidateSQLiteDB opens the provided sqlite DB path with a throw-away connection
diff --git a/database/db_test.go b/database/db_test.go
index 5bd42d7e..9cebdd20 100644
--- a/database/db_test.go
+++ b/database/db_test.go
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ func setupTestDB(t *testing.T) {
 	tmpDir := t.TempDir()
 	t.Setenv("XUI_DEBUG", "")
 	dbPath := filepath.Join(tmpDir, "test.db")
-	if err := InitDB(dbPath); err != nil {
+	if err := InitDBWithPath(dbPath); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("InitDB failed: %v", err)
 	}
 	t.Cleanup(func() {
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ func setupTestDB(t *testing.T) {
 func TestIsSQLiteDB_ValidFile(t *testing.T) {
 	tmpDir := t.TempDir()
 	dbPath := filepath.Join(tmpDir, "valid.db")
-	if err := InitDB(dbPath); err != nil {
+	if err := InitDBWithPath(dbPath); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("InitDB failed: %v", err)
 	}
 	defer CloseDB()
@@ -137,13 +137,13 @@ func TestInitDB_Idempotent(t *testing.T) {
 	dbPath := filepath.Join(tmpDir, "idempotent.db")
 
 	// First init
-	if err := InitDB(dbPath); err != nil {
+	if err := InitDBWithPath(dbPath); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("first InitDB failed: %v", err)
 	}
 	CloseDB()
 
 	// Second init on the same file should not fail
-	if err := InitDB(dbPath); err != nil {
+	if err := InitDBWithPath(dbPath); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("second InitDB failed: %v", err)
 	}
 	defer CloseDB()
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ func TestInitDB_Idempotent(t *testing.T) {
 func TestValidateSQLiteDB_ValidDB(t *testing.T) {
 	tmpDir := t.TempDir()
 	dbPath := filepath.Join(tmpDir, "valid.db")
-	if err := InitDB(dbPath); err != nil {
+	if err := InitDBWithPath(dbPath); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("InitDB failed: %v", err)
 	}
 	CloseDB()